evidence for syllable structurespeech errors (spoonerisms) – reversing or flipping around certain soundslighting a fire  fighting a liarf and l are both onsets, flipping them around but keeping them in the same positionblow your nose - know your blowssteady as a rock  ready as a stockspeed of light  lead of spitead hoc  odd hacknucleus flipping, taking the vowels and flippinghypodermic needle  hypodermic nerdlelanguage gamespig latin—move onset to the end, add [ej]ubbi-dubby- insert “UB” before the nucleus of each syllablephonological rules – can have syllable structure in the environmentphotactic constraintsphonotactics- constraints on permissible sequences or placement of segments in a syllablesteps for syllabificationform nucleuseach syllable must have one vowel or syllabic consonant in nucleusform onsetmaximize onset principle – put as many Cs as possible in onset (while obeying phonotactics)form codaput any leftover Cs in codaphonological rules involving syllablessyllable structure may be a crucial part of the environment of some phonological rules. This is one type of evidence that speakers unconsciously “know” the syllable structure for the words of their languagefor example, an allophone may surface only in the onset of a syllable, or only in a codaLinguis 101 1st Edition Lecture 13Current LectureSyllables Segments are organized into larger units called syllables A syllable is made up of a sonorous segment plus associated non-sonorous segments Sonority Sonorants – vowels, nasal stops, liquids, glides Oral stops – low sonority Fricatives Nasal stopsLiquidsGlides vowels—high sonority Obstruents- oral stops, fricatives, affricates Syllable = sonority peak A syllable is made up of three parts Onset- low sonority Cs before peak (optional) Nucleus- sonority peak. Must be a vowel or syllabic nasal or liquid Coda- low sonority Cs following peak (optional) syllable structure map examples These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- evidence for syllable structure o speech errors (spoonerisms) – reversing or flipping around certain sounds  lighting a fire  fighting a liar  f and l are both onsets, flipping them around but keeping them in the same position  blow your nose - know your blows  steady as a rock  ready as a stock  speed of light  lead of spite  ad hoc  odd hack  nucleus flipping, taking the vowels and flipping  hypodermic needle  hypodermic nerdle o language games  pig latin—move onset to the end, add [ej]  ubbi-dubby- insert “UB” before the nucleus of each syllable o phonological rules – can have syllable structure in the environment o photactic constraints  phonotactics- constraints on permissible sequences or placement of segments in a syllable - steps for syllabification o form nucleus  each syllable must have one vowel or syllabic consonant in nucleus o form onset  maximize onset principle – put as many Cs as possible in onset (while obeying phonotactics) o form coda  put any leftover Cs in coda - phonological rules involving syllables o syllable structure may be a crucial part of the environment of some phonological rules. This is one type of evidence that speakers unconsciously “know” the syllable structure for the words of their language o for example, an allophone may surface only in the onset of a syllable, or only in a