NTR 301 1st edition Lecture 21 Outline of Past Lecture I Small intestine continued II Large Intestine Outline of Current Lecture I Post absorption II Carbohydrates Current Lecture Post absorption The pre absorbed compounds will be delivered to the liver by intestinal capillaries first 2 functions of the liver Screen for undesirable compounds Convert the undesirable compounds into another form The last place the absorbed compounds will go to is the kidneys via the blood stream Functions of the kidney Gets rid of excess water soluble compounds as well as water soluble waste products Controls electrolyte levels Carbohydrates Plants create carbs through photosynthesis The chemical bonds in carbohydrates holds energy Dietary Carbs Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Glucose All cells can use glucose for energy Brain and CNS use glucose exclusively for energy Extremely important for survival Left over glucose is changed to fat in the liver Glucose as a Monosaccharide is found in fruits vegetables and honey Disaccharide is found in lactose and sucrose containing foods Polysaccharide is found in starch and fiber containing foods Fructose Some can be used for energy some can be changed into glucose and fat Fructose as a Monosaccharide is found in fruits vegetables and honey Disaccharides can be found in sucrose containing foods Polysaccharides can be found in fiber containing foods Galactose Can be converted into glucose Galactose can be found as a Disaccharide in lactose containing foods Lactose Found in milk and milk products Sucrose Disaccharide of glucose and fructose Found in fruits and vegetables Honey and table sugar are the same things chemically speaking Starches Polysaccharides Starches are different because of the number of glucose molecules and branching of the molecule Found in tuberous vegetables cereal grains rice legumes nuts and seeds Starch gives plants an energy source during germination Fiber Many glucose fructose and other monosaccharides There is insoluble and soluble fiber Insoluble fiber doesn t dissolve in water and some can be digested by bacteria in the large intestine Soluble fiber dissolves in water to form gels that slow stomach emptying
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