NTR 301 1st edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Assessing Nutritional Status Continued II Studying Diet Disease Relationships A Indirect Procedures for Studying Diet Disease Relationships 1 Differences in groups across different countries 2 Differences in groups within a single country 3 Differences in individuals within a region 4 Limits of epidemiological studies Outline of Current Lecture I Direct Procedures for Studying Diet Disease Relationships A Clinical Trials B Limitations Current Lecture When evidence from observational studies is compelling enough human are used in clinical trials What are clinical trials Changing the diet in a treatment group change was induced compares results to control group no change was induced These alterations involve General diet patterns foods are added substituted or removed Supplements that provide specific nutrients Example Having a group of women on high fat diets lower their fat intake and compare to the group continuing to eat high fat and seeing who developed cancer and who didn t These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Randomization is key for clinical trials Limits confounders Evenly distributed number of people in each group Placebos Used in trials testing a supplemental affect because of 1 Perception of an outcome example I feel worse 2 Reality of outcome example Pain mediated by naturally produced endorphins Double Blind Studies Researchers and Participants don t know if they have the real drug or not Limits bias Limitations 1 Compliance Participants often will not follow the diet correctly 2 Dietary level used can be too high or low 3 Length of Study Too short to draw accurate results
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