Lecture 10Outline of previous lectureI. BlattodeaII. IsopteraIII. PsycopteraIV. PhthirapteraV. ThysanopteraOutline of current lectureI. HemipteraII. ColeopteraIII. MegalopteraIV. RaphidiopteraV. NeuropteraVI. HymenopteraVII. SiphonapteraVIII. DipteraIX. LepidopteraX. TrichopteraCurrent LectureHemiptera “true bugs”Hemi-halfTera-wingsSclerotized into protective coveringPhytophagousPlant feedingCan spread diseaseFeed on xylem and phylumXylem-carries waterPhloem-carries sugarGet rid of waste in honeydoFungal infectionsPredatoryKissing bugs-piercing and sucking mouthpartsWill feed on blood of mammalsLeave behind bites that look like hickeysVectors of diseasesColeoptera (“beetles” “weevils”)Coleo-sheetTera-wingsMost species rich group on the planetLargest orderVery diverse300,000 species of beetles40% of all known insect speciesElytra-allow protective covering of wings.25 mm length smallest beetlesplant feedersPredatorsDecomposersLarva-homometabolous metamorphosis2 beetle families that produce lightfire fliesflash light trying to find matesglow wormsCalifornia and AustraliaLive in cavesMegaloptera (“dobsonflies”)Aquatic larvaeClear cool waterLay eggs in single massAdults live around the waterLarvae like to feed on aquatic insectsAdhesive organs-to lay of vertical and wait for preyAphids (soft body plant feeders)Large mandibles2 years to go to adult stageRaphidioptera (“snakeflies”)Feed on woodClear wingsLong extended pro-thorax regionFemales have long ovipositorsAllows them to lay eggs in deep cracksNeuroptera (“lacewings”)Optera-wingsNeuro-veinsPreditorsNocturnalLarvae-predatorsSickle shaped mouthparts-mandibles and maxillae very largeFeed on plant feeding insectsWear dead bodies on their back as camouflageNo anal openingBuild up waste products in abdomen and get rid of it in the adult stageAdults-predators4 wingsbrown colorflutter around lightlay eggs of silk stocksAdults that don’t feed-mayflies and stonefliesHymenoptera (bees, ants, wasps)Phytophagous, parasiticparasitoids1 portion are parasitic (wasps)ley eggs on caterpillar-larvae eat it aliveCephalothorax of tarantulas-wasps try to sting brain stem so it becomes paralyzedlarvae of wasps eat paralyzed tarantulassocialnarrow junction between abdomen and thorax1 of 2 groups that have caste system (other group is isoptera)Siphonaptera (“fleas”siphon-tubeaptera-winglessectoparasitestemporal zones-cool areaassociated with petsadults have strong high legslaterally flattenedholometablouisstart as eggslarvae-feed on soft bodied organisms, flea poop, other flea larvaediptera “true flies”di-twotera-wingshind wings reducedhalteresgreatest economic impactkill more animals and more humans than any other on earthspread diseaseslarvae-can feed on fleshantennae-aristate antennaeallow to know how fast it is movingLepidoptera “butterflies” “moths”Nectar feedersVampire mothsSecond largest orderMoths-furry, much larger body, plumose antennaeLong maxillae-feed on nectarTrichoptera” caddisflies”aquatic larvaeabundant in cool fresh water habitatstricho-hairptera-wingsnocturnalday-cool moist environmentslarvae will form casing that will be used as casingsENTO 208 1st EditionLecture 10  Outline of previous lecture I. Blattodea II. IsopteraIII. PsycopteraIV. PhthirapteraV. Thysanoptera Outline of current lecture I. Hemiptera II. ColeopteraIII. MegalopteraIV. RaphidiopteraV. NeuropteraVI. HymenopteraVII. SiphonapteraVIII. DipteraIX. LepidopteraX. Trichoptera  Current Lecture  Hemiptera “true bugs”- Hemi-half These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Tera-wings o Sclerotized into protective covering - Phytophagouso Plant feeding o Can spread disease o Feed on xylem and phylum  Xylem-carries water  Phloem-carries sugar o Get rid of waste in honeydo  Fungal infections - Predatory o Kissing bugs-piercing and sucking mouthparts  Will feed on blood of mammals  Leave behind bites that look like hickeys  Vectors of diseases  Coleoptera (“beetles” “weevils”)- Coleo-sheet - Tera-wings - Most species rich group on the planeto Largest order  Very diverse  300,000 species of beetles  40% of all known insect species - Elytra-allow protective covering of wings - .25 mm length smallest beetles - plant feeders- Predators - Decomposers - Larva-homometabolous metamorphosis- 2 beetle families that produce lighto fire flies  flash light trying to find mates o glow worms California and Australia Live in caves  Megaloptera (“dobsonflies”)- Aquatic larvae - Clear cool water - Lay eggs in single mass o Adults live around the water - Larvae like to feed on aquatic insects o Adhesive organs-to lay of vertical and wait for prey  Aphids (soft body plant feeders) o Large mandibles - 2 years to go to adult stage  Raphidioptera (“snakeflies”)- Feed on wood - Clear wings- Long extended pro-thorax region - Females have long ovipositors o Allows them to lay eggs in deep cracks  Neuroptera (“lacewings”)- Optera-wings - Neuro-veins - Preditors - Nocturnal - Larvae-predators o Sickle shaped mouthparts-mandibles and maxillae very large  Feed on plant feeding insects  Wear dead bodies on their back as camouflageo No anal opening  Build up waste products in abdomen and get rid of it in the adult stage - Adults-predators o 4 wings o brown color o flutter around light o lay eggs of silk stocks  Adults that don’t feed-mayflies and stoneflies  Hymenoptera (bees, ants, wasps)- Phytophagous, parasitic - parasitoidso 1 portion are parasitic (wasps)o ley eggs on caterpillar-larvae eat it alive - Cephalothorax of tarantulas-wasps try to sting brain stem so it becomes paralyzed o larvae of wasps eat paralyzed tarantulas - social o narrow junction between abdomen and thoraxo 1 of 2 groups that have caste system (other group is isoptera)Siphonaptera (“fleas”- siphon-tube - aptera-wingless o ectoparasites o temporal zones-cool area o associated with pets o adults have strong high legs o laterally flattened o holometablouis start as eggs  larvae-feed on soft bodied organisms, flea poop, other flea larvae  diptera “true flies”- di-two - tera-wings - hind wings reduced - halteres - greatest economic impacto kill more animals and more humans than any other on earth o spread diseases - larvae-can feed on flesh -