KIN 3309 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Review of Mathematical FundamentalsII. Review for Quiz 1III. Kinematics vs. KineticsIV. Cardinal PlanesV. Stress and StrainVI. Stress-Strain CurveVII. Ossification, Modeling, and RemodelingVIII. Types of MuscleIX. Myofibril and SarcomereX. Motor UnitXI. Characteristics of MuscleXII. Role of MuscleXIII. Net Muscle ActionsXIV. Force-Length RelationshipXV. Recruitment and Rate CodingXVI. ReflexXVII. Proprioceptive ReceptorsXVIII. EMGThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.XIX. The Shoulder ComplexXX. The Lower LegXXI. The Knee JointXXII. The Vertebral ColumnXXIII. Key MusclesXXIV. Effects of Aging on the TrunkOutline of Current Lecture I. Human Movement AnalysisII. KinematicsIII. Linear KinematicsIV. Collection of Kinematic DataV. Spatial Reference SystemsVI. Cartesian Coordinate SystemVII. 2-D Cartesian Coordinate SystemVIII. Two-Dimensional Reference SystemIX. Quadrants in a Two-Dimensional Reference SystemX. Three-Dimensional Reference SystemXI. Three-Dimensional Coordinate SystemXII. Vectors and ScalarsXIII. Vector MagnitudeXIV. Distance from OriginXV. Vector ComponentsXVI. Vector DirectionXVII. Vector OrientationXVIII. Vector Orientation StandardXIX. Vector Arithmetic XX. Example 1aXXI. Example 1bXXII. Example 1cXXIII. Example 1dXXIV. Example 2aXXV. Example 2bXXVI. Example 2cXXVII. Example 3XXVIII. Example 4XXIX. Position and DisplacementXXX. Example 5XXXI. QuizCurrent LectureFor the midterm, 50% will be from the fundamentals and the other 50% will be some type of calculation problem. Wont have to draw vectors, but you will just have to compute them.I. Human Movement Analysisa.II. Kinematicsa. The branch of mechanics that describes the spatial (space) and temporal (time) components of motionIII. Linear Kinematicsa. Linear kinematics deals with rectilinear (straight line) and curvilinear motionIV. Collection of Kinematic Dataa. Data acquisition for quantitative analysis can take many forms:i. Accelerometersii. Goniometersiii. Photographsiv. High-speed videov. Optoelectric systemsvi. GPSb. Velocity and acceleration can be computed from position dataV. Spatial Reference Systemsa.VI. Cartesian Coordinate Systema.VII. 2-D Cartesian Coordinate Systemsa.VIII. Two-Dimensional Reference Systema.IX. Quadrants in a Two-Dimensional Reference Systema.X. Three-Dimensional Reference Systemsa. Two dimensions are adequate for simple planar movementsb. Three-dimensional coordinate system must be used for more complex movementsi. X-axis – horizontal (sagittal plane)ii. Y-axis – verticaliii. Z-axis – medial/lateralc. Some researchers use Z for the vertical axis and X and Y for the horizontal axesXI. Three Dimensional Coordinate Systema.XII. Vectors and Scalarsa. Scalarsi. Can be described by magnitudeii. E.g. mass, distance, speed, volumeb. Vectorsi. Have both magnitude and directionii. E.g. velocity, force, accelerationiii. Vectors are represented by arrowsXIII. Vector Magnitudea.XIV. Distance from Origina.XV. Vector Componentsa.XVI. Vector Directiona.XVII. Vector Orientationa. Reference is very important!b.XVIII. Vector Orientation Standarda.XIX. Vector Arithmetica.XX. Example 1aa. Quadrant 4 has this vectorb. Sin331 x 240 = -116.35c. Cos331 x 240 = 209.9XXI. Example 1ba. Quadrant 3 has this vectorb. Sin210 x 34 = -17c. Cos210 x 34 = -29.4XXII. Example 1ca. Quadrant 1 has this vectorb. Sin 12 x 15 = 3.12c. Cox12 x 15 = 14.67XXIII. Example 1da. Sin 90 x 20 = 20b. Cos 90 x 20 = 0 XXIV. Example 2aa. Magnitude would be 365.3Nb.XXV. Example 2ba.XXVI. Example 2ca.XXVII. Example 3a.XXVIII. Example 4a.XXIX. Position & Displacementa. Positioni. Defines an object’s location in space (relative to some reference)ii. A scalar, not to be confused with displacementb. Distancei. A scalarii. Change in position (without direction)c. Displacementi. Defines the change in positionii. Displacement is a straight line between start and finishiii. Displacement is a vectorXXX. Example 5a.XXXI. Quiza. During a volleyball serve, the ball leaves the hand with an initial velocity of 10 m/s angled 41 degrees from the horizontal. What are the horizontal and vertical velocities of the ball? **TQi. Vx = 7.5 m/s; Vy = 6.6 m/sii. Vx = 6.6 m/s; Vy = 7.5 m/siii. Vx = 5.2 m/s; Vy = 8.6 m/siv. Vx = 8.6 m/s; Vy = 5.2 m/sb. Combine the following two velocity vectors to find the resultant vector. Vector A = 5.5 m/s at 210 degrees from the horizontal and vector B = 10.7 m/s at 82 degrees from the horizontal.i. Resultant = 8.51 m/s; Theta = 67.4 degreesii. Resultant = 8.51 m/s; Theta = 112.6 degreesiii. Resultant = 72.3 m/s; Theta = 22.6 degreesiv. Resultant = 72.3 m/s; Theta = 112.6 degreesc. Which parameter is defined as “the total distance in position?”i. Displacement (the changes in position)ii. Distanceiii. Velocityiv. Accelerationd. A swimmer completes 10 laps in a 50 m swimming pool, finishing where she started. What were the linear distance and the linear displacement?i. Distance = 500 m; displacement = 500 mii. Distance = 500 m; displacement = 0miii. Distance = 0m; displacement = 0 miv. Distance = 0m; displacement = 500