HST 102 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture II Progressive America III Part 1 a Progressive presidency b Woodrow Wilson c Trouble Across the Sea i The allies and central powers d The Great Hesitation e He Kept us out of war f Or not i The Zimmerman telegram IV Part 2 a Raising an army b Doughboys i American expeditionary force c In the trenches V Part 3 a Home front b Man power and conservation i War industries board ii Lever act c Selling the war i Propaganda ii The four minute men d A great migration e Repression i Espionage act and sedition act VI Part 4 a Armistice i Treaty of Versailles ii League of Nations b A League of Nations VII Part 5 a A progressive war b A war on progressivism i Red summer of 1919 These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute What does it all mean Outline of Current Lecture VIII Killing Progressivism IX Part 1 The Business of Doing Business a You re gonna hear me roar b Technologic c Governing business d Welfare capitalism e Labor f Amber Waves of Pain X Part 2 Consuming Culture a Selling the 1920s b Buying the 1920s c Hello Ladies d A New Era for Women e Golden Age XI Part 3 When It all Falls Down a Crash i Black Tuesday b The Party s Over i Great Depression c Rugged Individuals XII What does it all mean Current Lecture Lecture 2 12 15 Rugged Individuals Life in the 1920s Killing Progressivism o World war 1 disillusions many progressives o Fractures the widespread reform spirit o Violence and unrest characterize the period immediately following the war o Strong backlash against the use of federal power and the democratic party Recession unemployment racial violence labor unrest Part 1 The Business of doing Business o You re Gonna Hear me Roar After a brief recession to start the 1920s the American economy explodes Growing economic output higher per capita income American dominance in a global economy European countries were doing bad Often referred to as the Roaring Twenties o Technologic Boom is fueled in part by mass production and purchase of cars Also driven by new technologies and industries aviation radio Suburbs begin growing faster than cities allows citizens to commute to work o Governing business Gov t and business cooperate extensively A return to weak presidencies There wasn t any less power but America elected men who did not want to use all their power Republican Presidents Warren G Harding and Calvin Coolidge Extensive corruption in the Harding Administration Heavy drinker affair Tea Pot Dome Scandal Calvin Coolidge replaces him after his death Was very reserved did not want to do much as president Wanted to stay out of everything Did not talk a lot o Welfare Capitalism Big businesses increasingly provide benefits to their workers Pensions insurance plans job security sports teams and leisure activities Service various purposes Prevent gov t regulation prevent unionization build company loyalty encourage discipline o Labor But not all groups fare well in the era 40 50 of the country is below the poverty line Average worker s income is 17 below the min standard for decent living Labor unions decline in membership and power o Amber Waves of Pain Farmers suffer during the 1920s Peak prosperity during WW1 gives way to declining income and rising foreclosures The number of farms declines for the first time in American history Much of rural America lives in economic depression Part 2 Consuming Culture o Selling the 1920s Experiments with propaganda during WW1 lead to a new business emphasis on advertising Public relations grow Shift from conveying information to creating demand The growth of chain stores expands access to goods and standardizes consumption o Buying the 1920s Despite the hardships for many America is awash with disposable income A shift in core values from thrift and self denial to consumption and willingness to go into debt Consumption displaces politics at the center of public attention o Hello Ladies Unmarried women enjoy greater personal freedoms than ever before Rooted in consumer politics Changing styles Individual and sexual autonomy o A new Era for Women But women s roles remain constrained especially after marriage Women make up a smaller portion of the workforce college population and certain skilled professions at the end of the decade The majority of women in the labor force are foreign born of African American Some important advances take place o Golden Age Jazz Age Mass Communication 1920s marks the Golden Age of American sports Baseball and college football grow in popularity New levels of celebrity for sports figures Black migration brings a cultural explosion Blues and Jazz become widely popular Recording industry expands dramatically Americans enjoy radio and movies more than ever before Race was at the center of cultural consumption Part 3 When it All Falls Down o Crash October 29 1929 becomes known as Black Tuesday A massive stock market crash Destroys consumer confidence and starts a cascade of economic hardship o The party s over Economic crisis spreads across the globe Banks investment houses and business collapse Stock market loses 80 of its value Unemployment hits 25 It soon becomes known as the Great Depression o Rugged individuals The economic collapse comes at the start of Herbert Hoover s presidency He exercises restraint declines to use federal intervention to prop up the economy Had campaign on a call for self reliance and rugged individualism Repeatedly claims that the economy has already begun to improve Americans begin to believe he is out of touch with reality What does it all mean o WWI has transformed American politics and businesses o 1920s see many changes Economic growth weakening gov t power uneven social and economic progress o New emphasis on consumption helps drive social changes o Suddenly confronted with the most severe economic crisis in American history