BIOB 375 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I. Regulation through changes in chromatin structureA. DNA associationII. Regulation though changes in chromatin structureIII. Gene expression regulated by transcription activatorsIV. Regulation through RNA processingOutline of Current Lecture V. Regulatory GenesB. In BacteriaVI. Negative and Positive ControlsCurrent LectureControl of Gene ExpressionStructural Genes:- Structure- Enzyme - Receptor- ChaperoneRegulatory Genes:- Regulator (controls expression of other genes)Genes and regulatory elements- All cells of an organism carry the same genetic information, but only a subset of genes are expressed in each cell type at any given time - Gene expression is highly regulated by Regulatory elements: are DNA binding proteinIn Bacteria- Genes that have related function are clustered and under control of a single promoter – operon- In bacteria, regulatory proteins are Helix-turn-helix- Types of regulation refer to the regulation on the amount of structural gene productsTypes of Regulation:- Negative control o Binding of regulatory proteino Structural gene transcription off (no transcription)- Positive controlo Binding of regulatory proteino Structural gene transcription onInducible and repressible regulations- Inducible and repressible regulations refer to the regulation of regulatory proteins by thethird product Positive Control- The product is to deactivate the regulator for binding: repressible- The product is to activate regulator for binding: inducible- Binding of regulatory protein o Inducible: binding offo Repressible: binding onNegative Control- Binding of regulatory proteino Inducible: binding offo Repressible: binding
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