POLSC 135 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture Solving the Game Outline of Current Lecture Study Guide Current Lecture I Study Guide Answers highlighted in green 2 1 Logic Questions 1 Major premise If a country has a strong economy the government will be popular Minor premise The government is not popular Conclusion Therefore the country does not have a strong economy Is this a valid argument Yes denies the consequent 2 Major premise If a country has a strong economy the government will be popular Minor premise The government is not popular Conclusion Therefore the country does not have a strong economy What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 3 Major premise If the president commits a criminal act then he can be impeached Minor premise The president does not commit a criminal act Conclusion Therefore the president cannot be impeached These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture It is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 4 Major premise If the president commits a criminal act then he can be impeached Minor premise The president does not commit a criminal act Conclusion Therefore the president cannot be impeached What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 5 Major premise If the president commits a criminal act then he can be impeached Minor premise The president cannot be impeached Conclusion Therefore the president has not committed a criminal act Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 6 Major premise If the president commits a criminal act then he can be impeached Minor premise The president cannot be impeached Conclusion Therefore the president has not committed a criminal act What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 7 Major premise If a country employs proportional representation electoral rules it will have many parties Minor premise The country does not employ proportional representation electoral rules Conclusion Therefore the country does not have many parties Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 8 Major premise If a country employs proportional representation electoral rules it will have many parties Minor premise The country does not employ proportional representation electoral rules Conclusion Therefore the country does not have many parties What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 9 Major premise If theory T is correct all rich countries will be democracies Minor premise All rich countries are democracies Conclusion Therefore theory T is correct Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 10 Major premise If theory T is correct all rich countries will be democracies Minor premise All rich countries are democracies Conclusion Therefore theory T is correct What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 11 Consider the following premise If theory T is correct all rich countries will be democracies If you wanted to demonstrate that theory T was wrong what would you have to observe a A poor democracy b A rich dictatorship c A poor dictatorship d A rich democracy 12 Major premise If a country s electoral rules are permissive then votes should be translated into seats in a fairly proportional manner Minor premise In the most recent election votes were not translated into seats in a proportional manner Conclusion Therefore the country s electoral rules are not permissive Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 13 Major premise If a country s electoral rules are permissive then votes should be translated into seats in a fairly proportional manner Minor premise In the most recent election votes were not translated into seats in a proportional manner Conclusion Therefore the country s electoral rules are not permissive What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 14 Major premise If a country has a participant culture then democracy in that country will be stable Minor premise Democracy in country X is stable Conclusion Therefore country X has a participant culture Is this a valid argument a Yes b No 15 Major premise If a country has a participant culture then democracy in that country will be stable Minor premise Democracy in country X is stable Conclusion Therefore country X has a participant culture What form what type of categorical syllogism does this argument take a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 16 A valid argument is a One where the conclusion is true b One where the conclusion is false c One where you do not have to accept the conclusion if you accept the premises d One where you have to accept the conclusion if you accept the premises 17 The deductive approach to learning a Starts with a set of observations and then tries to ascertain a pattern in the observations that can be used to generate an explanation b Formulates an expectation about what we ought to observe in light of a particular theory about the world and then sets out to see if the observations are consistent with that theory 18 If I observe a pattern in political events and decide to generate an explanation for those events I am practicing approach to learning a Deductive b Inductive c Deterministic d Probabilistic 19 If I derive some implications from a theory and collect observations to see if they are consistent with that theory I am practicing approach to learning a Deductive b Inductive c Deterministic d Probabilistic 20 Inductive reasoning is problematic because it relies on a Affirming the antecedent b Denying the antecedent c Affirming the consequent d Denying the consequent 2 2 Scientific Statements 21 Smoking increases the probability of getting cancer Is this a scientific statement b No a Yes 22 The sun revolves around the earth Is this a scientific statement b No a Yes 23