POLS 051 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. Uses of Power II. Saddam’s IllusionsIII. International Level IV. Art and Jarvis “Anarchy and Its Consequences”Outline of Current Lecture I. Continuation of International Level of Analysis II. Robert Jarvis, “The Compulsive Empire” III. Kupchan, Charles “NATO Final Frontier” Current LectureI. Continuation of International Level of Analysis a. Cooperation- consequences of anarchy, realist, States would rather have relative gains instead of absoloute gains, short term, based on self interest, difficult b. *Bi-polar system most stable type of system we can havec. Realismi. Polarity: the number of States or black of States dominating the International Systemii. Stratification: differences in wealth generated by possession of natural resources and what is done with those resourcesII. Robert Jarvis, “The Compulsive Empire” These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Realist: Focuses on anarchy and polarity. As hegemon U.S compelled to launch a War, i. Domestic pressure: distract citizens from war ii. Power: demonstrates hegemon status b. Trying to explain rationale of war on Iraq in 2003, potential reasons: i. Weapons of mass destruction (official reason) ii. Terrorist cells/ training camps iii. Oiliv. Unpredictable tyro of region c. Jarvis Reason: i. Any president would have acted the same wayii. Hegomon through out history are compelled to expand to increase power extension of foreign policy into the Middle East iii. Does not matter individual but hegemon and power  anarchy, always other potential rising powersiv. Realism: international level matter (most important) v. Liberalism: International level matters but individual does too. Argue anarchy generates interdependence among States, on one to control hegemon form alliances  economic independence generates cooperation III. Kupchan, Charles “NATO Final Frontier” a. Thesis: Russia should be included in NATO because (at the time) Russia was seen as a threat, want to align – Cold War means war saw pack ends (counter balance NATO) i. Russia established alternative competing security line  Shanghai mini security line  existence indicates Russia’s desire to form security lineii. NATO expanding to Ukraine and Georgia includes almost all Soviet States (Lafia, Estonia, Lithuania) expanded Eastward  go further and accept Russia so no conflict with Ukraine and Georgia (fall within Russia’s fear of influence). U.S says not Soviet States let them decide on their own. iii. Strongly increase power and Europe  strong Russian military  strengthens alliance as a whole iv. Russia has influenced the West as a whole, Russia created relations with (North Korea) problems with inviting Russia. 1. NATO democratic alliance (historical) 2. Inviting will not put NATOS identity in question, original goal: defense alliance against he Soviet Union. b. NATO should be anti-hegemonic collation i. Collective defense: attack on one NATO member, attack on ALL. Idea of power ii. Defensive security: threat from an internal member inside