POLS 051 1st Edition Lecture 18Outline of Last Lecture I. Neorealism/structural Realism II. Ken Waltz III. John Mersheimer IV. Neorealism Emphasizes V. Criticism of Neorealism VI. Trechin, “Russia leaves the West” Outline of Current Lecture I. Liberalism II. Classic LiberalismIII. Kant’s Argument IV. Modern Liberalism V. Kankov, “changing North Korea” Current LectureI. Liberalism a. Opposing school of thought b. Alternative image, reaction to realism, a positive view that asserts that transformation and cooperation can take place.II. Classic Liberalism a. Human nature- benign b. Peaceful and cooperative relations among states do exist.i. Yes conflict but also a lot of cooperation: alliances c. Morality, international law, international organizationsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.d. States can operate as a community i. Have self interest but can act together and share interests e. Immanuel Kant wrote perpetual Peace III. Kant’s Argumenta. 19th century Europe b. Voluntary to join federation, give up sovereignty, excessive independence: Russia c. 1. Call for specific federation d. 2. Members have to be republic i. Elements of republic constitution ii. Called for division of power iii. Checks and balances iv. Accountability to monarch v. Citizens have rights but also responsible for holding monarch accountable for actionsvi. Third definition called for cosmopolitan law1. Specific federation 2. Republic canst units in federation 3. Cosmopolitan law IV. Modern Liberalism a. Six claims (compared to realism) b. Anarchy- power constraint: source to state actionc. Power- source and shared goal between statesd. Human nature: self interest but enlightened self interest: interested could be yourscollective communal viewe. Non state actors: IGO, NATO, UN, terrorist actors matter because can influence states- main actor, multiple interests f. State: multiple interests and pressure pointsg. Learning- many lessons learned- change behavior and adapt V. Lankov, “changing North Korea” a. Liberal suggestion on how West can influence b. Possible to change North Korea not through force but soft power c. Focused on individual level of analysis to ultimately changing legitimacy