PSYCH 350 1st Edition Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. Related Disciplines II. Social psych= common sense?a. Hindsight bias b. Construal Outline of Current Lecture III. Research methodsIV. Correlational researchCurrent Lecture-Research methodsoWhy learn about research methods?-Research methods use systematic empiricism -Empiricism: knowledge gained through observation and experimentation oDeveloping ideas through observation:-Theory: a set of principles that explain and predict outcomes-Hypothesis: a testable prediction-Operational definition: specific procedure for manipulating or measuring a variable -How do I know it when I see it?Prediction: "teenage boys are more likely to be aggressive toward others if they have just played a violent video game for one hour than if they played a nonviolent video game for an hour"-NOTE: testable & refutable Theory --->hypothesis/prediction--->research--->confirmation--->confidence increased^||VDisconfirmation--->confirmation decreased^|| / \Refine reject These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Research Methods cont. oTesting using descriptive research:-Observational studies -Can use anything that is public (pubic urinal study)-Archival studies -Can use anything that is public record, newspaper clippings, social media ect.-Surveys-Questionnaire, self-report data, useful because you can collect a lot of data & if there are variables you cant manipulate (SES, gender, ect.) -Other methods…-Correlational Research oResearch that measures the relationship between variables not manipulated by the researcheroTwo problems with the correlational research design:-The third variable problem (zxy)-The directionality problem (x<-->y)oCorrelation DOES NOT equal causation -Correlational example oYounger doctors have healthier patients -Younger doctor accept healthier patients -Healthier people choose younger doctors -Younger people who are healthier see younger doctors -Younger doctors fresh outta med school have more up to date knowledge that leads to healthier
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