CJ 100 MWF 9-9:50 Lecture 26Outline of Current Lecture II. Juvenile CrimesIII. Theories behind DecreaseIV. History of US Juvenile SystemV. The Juvenile court period (1899-1960)VI. The Juvenile Rights Period (1960-1980)VII. The Juvenile Rights Period (1960-1980)VIII.The Crime Control Period (1980-2005)IX. “Kids are Different” (2005-present)X. Classifications of Juveniles Current LectureThe Juvenile Justice SystemJuvenile Crimes-Most Juvenile Crimes are committed by young men-only about 30% of the arrestees younger than 18 are female-After rising from 1988 through 1994, juveniles arrest started to decreaseTheories behind Decrease-Environmental factors involving drugs especially crack cocaine.-Deteriorating social and economical situations (recession of 1987)-Age demographicsHistory of US Juvenile System-Originated in the US during the social reform period of the late 1800sThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Philosophy that the state shared act as a parent in advancing the interest of the childThe Juvenile court period (1899-1960)-Reformers during this period wanted a separate juvenile court system that could be more flexible than the adult court system.-“Banish entirely all thought of crime and punishment”-3 Specific elements1.A separate court for dependent and neglected children2.special legal procedures that were less adversarial than those in the adult system3.Seperation of children from adults in all portions of the Justice SystemThe Juvenile Rights Period (1960-1980)-Limited the power of the juvenile justice officials-In Re Gault (1967) – afforded juveniles many of the same de process rights as adults (right to legal counsel, to confront and examine accusers, notices of chargers etc.) -In Re Winship (1970)- the standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt still applies to juvenile delinquency proceedings-Status Offenders were taken out of correctional institution, ie skipping school. (crime for kids not for adults) The Crime Control Period (1980-2005)-The public demanded a crack down on crime-Greater attention to repeat offenders-Overall, a decrease in juvenile rights compared to the juvenile rights period. “Kids are Different” (2005-present)-Roper vs Simmons (2005)-He’s the beginning of a new movement—If you commit a crime under the age of 18,you cannot be sentenced to the death penalty (capital punishment).-Recognizes developmental differences in teens (maturity, impulsiveness, ect)-treatment programs and laws are now being designed to treat juveniles and adults differently.Classifications of Juveniles1. Delinquency- delinquents are children who have committed acts that are criminal in the adult world. 2. Status offenders- Acts that are not illegal if committed by an adult, only juveniles (skipping school).3. Neglect- a neglected child is receiving inadequate care because of some action or inaction of their
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