CJ 100 MWF 9-9:50 Lecture 19Outline of Current Lecture II. Police CorruptionIII. BailIV. Bail systemV. Bail bondsmenVI. Elements of CrimeVII. Direct vs Circumstantial evidenceCurrent LecturePolice Corruption-Grass Eaters- officers who accept payoffs that the routines of police work bring their way (small gratuities, soliciting small payments)-Meat eaters- officers who actively use their power to gain personal things (protecting drug rings, “shake downs” of drug dealers)—big policeBail: Pretrial Release-Bail- Sum of money or property specified by a judge that the defendant must present to the court in order to gain retrial release-Bail will be forfeited if the defendant does not appear in court as scheduled-No constitutional right to be released on bail.Reforming the Bail System*pretrial release methods1.Citations*Starting to be issused for more serious offensesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2.Release on Recognizance (ROR)*Judges discretion if the defendant is reliable and has roots in the community3.Ten Percent Cash BailBail Bondsmen (Bond)-Private businesses that loan money to defendants who lack the money to make bail-Charge a fee (usually 5-10% of the bail amount) to put up money to gain the defendants release-If charges are dropped or a defendant is acquitted the bondsman still keeps the fee paid to make bail Bounty Hunters/Bail Enforcement Agents-Hired by bondsmen to find defendants who have skipped out on bailElements of a Crime1.Actus Reus- the evil act (“guilty act”) -Act or conduct that is prohibited-Must be a voluntary act or a qualifying omission*Voluntary- performed consciously as a result of effort (involuntary does not qualify as actus reus)*omission- failure to perform an act when physically capable 2.Mens Rea- Evil mind (“guilty mind”)-level of intent to commit an actus reus-think about the varying degrees of murder we discussed (and manslaughter): first, second, third***Strict liability- you have an actus reus but no evil intent. One example:Involuntary Manslaughter3.Atendant circumstances-specific circumstances which surround the actus reus (criminal act)-example- is speeding a crime? It matters if you’re on private property. -The set of circumstances surrounding an event that can make an event criminal or not criminal4. Causation of result-result- occurs because of the commission of the actus reus-example: convicted of homicide (result- death of another human being)Direct vs circumstantial evidence-direct evidence- Demonstrates proof beyond a reasonable doubt-Circumstantial evidence (indirect evidence)- Requires inference from a
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