HIST 151 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture I Texas Outline of Current Lecture I The Gettysburg Address II Consumption III Post Civil War Consumption Current Lecture I The Gettysburg Address a November 19 1863 b Today still trying to define those words meanings and concepts even today i Equality liberty men ii Discrepancies in interpretations II Consumption Pre Civil War a Less i Longer distances for goods to travel lower availability of goods ii Bought less owned less b Staples i Building blocks ii Bought staples to make into other things 1 Fabric curtains sheets clothing 2 Flour sugar butter fruit bread pies canning etc etc etc 3 Goose slaughter yourself iii Exceptions 1 Small Household items a Jewelry mirrors hose medicine needles c How Where i Little Town 1 One room store ii Outskirts of town 1 America overwhelmingly rural 2 General store traveling salesman only ways to buy goods 3 Bartering economy iii Further out 1 Purchasing was seasonal These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a Men women children produce tradable goods year round i Sell the surplus of everything get money spend on stuff they needed for the next year d Gender i Lots of similarities in roles of both genders ii Primarily takes place in and around home iii Create items barter able and contributes to household income iv Women not producing income anymore starting in 1850 1870 Post Civil War period 1 Consumption makes it so they don t have to work anymore they can just buy their goods e Connections i People were connected with their communities and who they buy from 1 Know item s origin crops that have been planted hog that has been killed who fashioned that chair ii Over time connections become obscured as social spheres get larger III Post Civil War Consumption a New Patterns i Mass production ii Buy more stuff iii Civil war overnight demand for hundreds of thousands of uniforms 1 Incentive to invest in technology of industrial sewing machines 2 After war infrastructure already set for civilian production 3 Clothing Industry takes off a Cheaper mass produced iv Refrigeration and tin cans more readily available 1 Civil War had increased need for imperishable food 2 After war larger scale 3 Buying only staples dies away a More food mass produced cheaply transited by rail network v Final Products consumed IV Aaron Montgomery Ward a Barrel manufacturer i One of 6 employees ii Barrels made by hand b Left at 19 for general store in Michigan c Moved to Chicago i Worked at Marshall Field s 1 Department stores ii 1871 wants to go into business for himself 1 Savings wiped out in Great Chicago Fire iii 1872 launches first mail order catalog 1 One page really low prices 2 Chicago Tribune thinks it s a fraud iv Transition 1 Before people dealt only with someone they knew 2 You send money I ll send goods method not trusted by a lot of people thinking they d get swindled v The Grange 1 Protest movement 2 Farmers 3 Objected to middlemen 4 Formed purchasing cooperatives a Redistributed at fair prices 5 Ward sent catalog to 40 Grangers a Widely supported 6 The Original Grange Wholesale Supply House a Volume sold large amount at low prices b Saved overhead costs of rent clerks etc of a dep t store 7 By 1873 catalog was 8 pages a 1880s 540 pgs 124 000 items 750 000 customers b 1990s 12 000 pgs 17 000 illustrations 8 Mail orders a huge hit 9 Purchasing revolutionized 10 Purchased more of what they owned