HIST 151 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I. IntroductionII. Morrill ActIII. CSUIV. Key QuestionsOutline of Current Lecture I. Industrial Revolution: A Social RevolutionII. Inhuman ScaleCurrent LectureI. Industrial Revolution: A Social Revolutiona. Before Civil War, face-to-face society, people know who they’re aroundi. By 1900, by-the-moment interactions1. Only one generation, almost know nobody, anonymous society2. Changes people’s peoples’ lives on intimate levelb. Between 1865 and 1900i. Textile production doubledii. Steel production doublediii. Railroad tracks quintuplediv. Dollar value of production economy went from $1.8 billion to $13 billionv. Changed family structure, time and space perception1. Transition between mother/daughter power to water/steam powera. From cottage industry to mechanical industry2. Housewives become wage earnersa. Independent, decision-makersvi. Machines and tools1. Tools are controlled by man2. Machines have life of their own, man not master of ita. People become servant of the machine3. Transforms nature of work from master to servantc. Before and After 1865i. SewingThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Before: needle and thread, loom, spinning wheel – manual operation2. After: steam-powered textile factory, sewing machinesii. Farming1. Before: plow, animals2. After: mechanical reapers, harvesters, grain elevatorsiii. Manufacturing1. Before: Blacksmithing, tools2. After: Machinesiv. Travel1. Before: Walking or ridinga. Same technology of travel for 2,000 years, hadn’t changed much at all2. After: Railroadsv. Telephoned. Railroadsi. Transcontinental RR Act (1862)1. Gov’t gives subsidiesii. Machines have greater force and speed than anything seen before1. Expands space and timea. From 1 day’s horse ride to a continental spaniii. Time1. Set locally, noon when sun directly overhead2. RR made time mattera. Train collisions because of time discrepancies3. November 18, 1883a. Created 4 time zones, standard time within time zonesb. Time set according to maps’ meridiansc. Rhythms of timeII. Inhuman Scalea. Inside the Steel Milli. Bessemer process1. Removed impurities from steel, made it stronger, not as brittleii. Machinery was very dangerous, inflicted a lot of harm1. Enormous social costiii. 1900 – 35,000 deaths, 2 million accidents per yeariv. Who’s going to pay?v. Farwell vs. Boston and Worcester RR (1842)1. Nicholas Farway2. Switches of track on wrong setting, led to accident, lost hand, sued company for $10,0003. Massachusetts Supreme Court Case a. Fellow Servant Ruleb. Ruled that RR couldn’t be held responsible, caused by “fellow servant”4. Went to US Supreme Court5. Employer never directly liable or responsible for accidents 6. Assumption of Riska. Employees injured already assumed risk by working at job7. Contributory Negligencea. If worker is partly at fault, they have to shoulder full responsibility for