Therapies http video google com videoplay docid 7995594856034801295 q mental illness 2C health ei nYdlSJjYMo UqAL2q XCAw Figure 14 2 Psychological disorders and professional treatment Clients Who Seeks Therapy of U S population in a given year Full range of problems Women more than men Medical insurance level Where People Turn for Help Professionals Involved in Therapy Psychologists Ph D in psychology conducts testing diagnosis treatment and research Counseling Psychologists Ph D in counseling help people with marital family and minor adjustment problems M D does a residency in psychiatry and can prescribe medications Applied Behavior Analysts Ph D or Master s in psychology behavioral therapies e g phobias disorders characterized by externalizing symptoms Social Workers Master s degree in social work with special training in counseling Largest group of mental health service providers Direct Care Jobs for a Degree Helping Professions for a BA in Psychology Affirmative Action Affairs Community Centers Educator Child Care Elder Care Home Land Security TSA Office Current Trends and Issues in Treatment care sensitivity PSYC 493 in Spring Deinstitutionalization Revolving door problem Therapies Therapies Psychoanalysis Client Centered Therapy Humanistic Carl Roger s Humanistic Therapy Group Therapy Behavior Therapies Biofeedback Systematic and Social Skills therapy etc Cognitive Therapies Rational Therapy Beck s Cognitive Therapy Biomedical Therapies Aversion Therapies http www learner org resources series138 html Video 22 Psychotherapy Bottom Line Does therapy Work The Benefits of Therapy Based on the results of 475 studies Smith et al 1980 the average therapy client shows more improvement than of control group those in the Behavioral Therapies and the Tension Headache Sensors on the head detect activity System converts signal to visual display Patient watches the display learns to relax forehead Behavioral Therapies Systematic Treatment for phobia Anxiety hierarchy Relaxation training Therapy Skills Therapy Evidence for Behavioral Cognitive Behavioral Therapies Deemed most efficacious for disorders Anger impulsive violence Psychological problems associated with health Childhood behavior problems prevention A considerable amount of evidence of positive effects for a variety of Cognitive Therapies Cognitive Therapy People are taught to think in more adaptive ways Rational Behavior Therapy People are confronted with their irrational maladaptive beliefs Who says you ll die Negative event irrational belief emotional consequences Cognitive Therapy Uses a gentler more collaborative approach to cognitive therapy What is the evidence for this idea Humanistic Therapies Client Centered Therapy Carl Goal restructure self concept to better correspond to reality Therapeutic climate Genuineness Empathy positive regard Therapeutic process Figure 14 4 Rogers s view of the roots of disorders Group Therapy Approaches Group Therapy treatment of several clients in group Each approach to psychotherapy has a form of group therapy e g analysis is used by psychoanalysts Saves money but also effective Group members support each other Many psychological problems are problems relating to other people Therapy Treats the members of a family as an interactive system Evidence for Therapies Evidence for improvements with Young adults with Childhood behavior problems relationships Medical Interventions Drug Therapies Psychopharmacology The study of the effects of drugs on psychological processes and disorders Behavioral The study of the influence of behavior Basic Principles on Drugs have multiple effects manner Effects vary in a Repeated administration taking drugs over time often has different effects than acute administration taking drugs occasionally Types of Drug Treatments I Drugs Tranquilizing medications used in the treatment of anxiety Trade names Librium Valium Xanax BuSpar Much better than their predecessors barbiturates but dangerous with can lead to rebound anxiety Antidepressants Drugs that relieve depression by increasing the supply of norepinephrine serotonin or dopamine Trade names Tofranil Prozac Prozac is selective serotonin inhibitor Positive range of effects makes people more productive confident etc Types of Drug Treatments II Mood Stabilizer Calms may reduce bipolar mood swings Trade Name Lithium Carbonate A drug used to control mania and mood swings in people with bipolar disorder at higher doses Antipsychotic Drugs Drugs used to control the positive symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders Trade names Thorazine Clozaril Risperdal Good on positive symptoms not negative side effects Drug Therapies Antipsychotic Drugs Hospitalization Trends Medical Interventions Perspectives on Drug Therapies Drugs have helped numerous people who once lived in institutions People may not respond well to psychotherapy However some drugs produce unpleasant or dangerous side effects and may lead to a physical and or psychological Thus patients become passive in the healing process Neither psychotherapy nor drug therapy has been found to be generally more Therapy Summary