Ch. 1-Introduction to First Aid Care1.1 What Is First Aid?PROGRESS CHECK1.2 General ProceduresArranging for Medical Assistance (Activating the EMS System)Slide 61.3 Aspects of First AidLegal Aspects of First AidSlide 91.4 Infectious Disease TransmissionSlide 11Identifying Infectious DiseasesSlide 13VocabularyBloodborne PathogensSlide 161.5 Safety at the SceneSlide 1811Ch. 1-Introduction toCh. 1-Introduction toFirst Aid CareFirst Aid Care221.1 What Is First Aid?1.1 What Is First Aid?The principal aims of first aid are toThe principal aims of first aid are toRecognize life-threatening situationsRecognize life-threatening situationsActivate the EMS systemActivate the EMS systemSupply artificial ventilation and circulation Supply artificial ventilation and circulation when neededwhen neededControl bleedingControl bleedingCare for other life-threatening conditionsCare for other life-threatening conditionsMinimize further injury and complicationsMinimize further injury and complicationsPrevent infectionPrevent infectionMake the victim as comfortable as Make the victim as comfortable as possiblepossible33PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1. First aid is the ____________ care given to a person 1. First aid is the ____________ care given to a person who is injured or suddenly becomes ill. who is injured or suddenly becomes ill. (first/basic/temporary)(first/basic/temporary)2. One of the primary principles of first aid is to 2. One of the primary principles of first aid is to ____________. ____________. (activate the EMS system/drive the patient to the (activate the EMS system/drive the patient to the hospital/care for all wounds yourself)hospital/care for all wounds yourself)3. A goal of first aid is to minimize____________.3. A goal of first aid is to minimize____________.(complications/pain/need for additional care)(complications/pain/need for additional care)441.2 General Procedures1.2 General Procedures1. Observe the accident scene as you approach 1. Observe the accident scene as you approach it.it.2. Keep yourself and others at the scene safe.2. Keep yourself and others at the scene safe.3. Gain access to the victim(s) and determine 3. Gain access to the victim(s) and determine any immediate threats to life.any immediate threats to life.4. Provide basic life support to those whose 4. Provide basic life support to those whose lives are threatened.lives are threatened.5. Summon more advanced medical help if 5. Summon more advanced medical help if needed.needed.55Arranging for Medical Assistance Arranging for Medical Assistance (Activating the EMS System)(Activating the EMS System)The exact location of the victimThe exact location of the victimThe phone number where you can be The phone number where you can be reachedreachedAny information about the victim that Any information about the victim that will help the dispatcherwill help the dispatcher66PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1. You should provide basic life support first to 1. You should provide basic life support first to ____________.____________.(victims of cardiac arrest/victims who are bleeding/the (victims of cardiac arrest/victims who are bleeding/the most seriously injured)most seriously injured)2. During the first few minutes after an accident, you 2. During the first few minutes after an accident, you should activate ____________. should activate ____________. (bystanders/the EMS (bystanders/the EMS system/additional caregivers)system/additional caregivers)3. If you are alone, you should provide rescue support 3. If you are alone, you should provide rescue support to a child for ____________ before telephoning for to a child for ____________ before telephoning for help. help. (1 minute/2 minutes/5 minutes)(1 minute/2 minutes/5 minutes)771.3 Aspects of First Aid1.3 Aspects of First AidFirst Aider SkillsFirst Aider SkillsLegal Aspects of First AidLegal Aspects of First AidControversies in First Aid CareControversies in First Aid Care88Legal Aspects of First AidLegal Aspects of First Aid Duty to ActDuty to Act Good Samaritan LawsGood Samaritan Laws““Reasonable-Man” TestReasonable-Man” Test Right to Refuse CareRight to Refuse Care99PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1.1. Duty to act Duty to act means you have a _________ to give aid. means you have a _________ to give aid. (responsibility/legal obligation/choice)(responsibility/legal obligation/choice)2. The “reasonable-man” test shows that you acted as 2. The “reasonable-man” test shows that you acted as a normal, prudent person would have acted under a normal, prudent person would have acted under the ____________. the ____________. (same circumstances/law)(same circumstances/law)3. ____________ means you acted with carelessness, 3. ____________ means you acted with carelessness, inattention, disregard, or oversight.inattention, disregard, or oversight.(Imprudence/Negligence/Recklessness)(Imprudence/Negligence/Recklessness)4. Every competent adult has the right to give 4. Every competent adult has the right to give ____________ to treatment. ____________ to treatment. (approval/permission/consent)(approval/permission/consent)10101.4 Infectious Disease 1.4 Infectious Disease TransmissionTransmissionFor disease to spread, three things must happen:For disease to spread, three things must happen:1. Infecting organisms, such as bacteria and viruses,1. Infecting organisms, such as bacteria and viruses,must survive outside their host—an infected person,must survive outside their host—an infected person,an animal, or an insect. an animal, or an insect. 2. The infecting organism must then move from one2. The infecting organism must then move from oneplace to another.place to another.3. The infecting organism must then invade a new3. The infecting organism must then invade a newperson’s body and begin to multiply there. person’s body and begin to multiply there.11111212Identifying Infectious Identifying Infectious DiseasesDiseasesA rash or skin lesionA rash or skin lesionAn open soreAn open soreDiarrheaDiarrheaVomitingVomitingHeadache with stiff Headache with stiff neckneckYellowish skin or Yellowish skin or eyeseyesCoughing or Coughing or sneezingsneezingDraining or oozing Draining or oozing woundswoundsProfuse sweatingProfuse sweatingAbdominal painAbdominal painA victim with any of the following should A victim with any of the following should be considered infectious:be considered