Ch. 22-Pediatric and Geriatric Emergencies22.1 Assessing the ChildSlide 3Obtaining a HistoryTaking Vital SignsPROGRESS CHECKVocabularyAsthma care includes:Cardiac ArrestSeizuresShockSlide 12Sudden Infant Death SyndromeIdentifying Child AbuseFirst Aid Care for Child AbuseSlide 16Differing Signs and SymptomsSpecial Assessment ConsiderationsSpecial Examination ConsiderationsSpecial Trauma ConsiderationsPROGRESS CHECK11Ch. 22-Pediatric and GeriatricCh. 22-Pediatric and GeriatricEmergenciesEmergencies2222.1 Assessing the Child22.1 Assessing the ChildSpecial Assessment TechniquesSpecial Assessment TechniquesDoes the child look sick?Does the child look sick?Is the child in shock?Is the child in shock?Is the child in extreme pain?Is the child in extreme pain?How is the child breathing?How is the child breathing?3344Obtaining a HistoryObtaining a HistoryDo not let upset parents and a screaming child Do not let upset parents and a screaming child unnerve you; take the time you need to get the unnerve you; take the time you need to get the information you need.information you need.Get information from parents or other witnesses, not Get information from parents or other witnesses, not the child.the child.Ask when symptoms developed, how they Ask when symptoms developed, how they progressed, and what care has already been given.progressed, and what care has already been given.If there was an accident, determine the details of the If there was an accident, determine the details of the accident, the mechanism of injury, and what first aid accident, the mechanism of injury, and what first aid care has already been given.care has already been given.55Taking Vital SignsTaking Vital SignsRespirationsRespirationsPulsePulseTemperatureTemperatureNeurological assessmentNeurological assessment66PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1. When assessing a child, you should position yourself 1. When assessing a child, you should position yourself ____________.____________.(above the child/below the child/at the child’s eye level)(above the child/below the child/at the child’s eye level)2. During assessment, check the most painful part 2. During assessment, check the most painful part ____________.____________.(quickly/last/first)(quickly/last/first)3. You should check a child’s vital signs more ____________ 3. You should check a child’s vital signs more ____________ than you do an adult’s. than you do an adult’s. (frequently/thoroughly/quickly)(frequently/thoroughly/quickly)4. A child breathes ____________ than an adult. 4. A child breathes ____________ than an adult. (slower/faster/more deeply)(slower/faster/more deeply)5. Check a child’s respiratory rate by placing your hand on 5. Check a child’s respiratory rate by placing your hand on the child’s ____________. the child’s ____________. (chest/stomach/back)(chest/stomach/back)6. Take an infant’s pulse at the ____________ pulse. 6. Take an infant’s pulse at the ____________ pulse. (carotid/radial/brachial)(carotid/radial/brachial)77VocabularyVocabularyCroupCroup- A viral infection that causes swelling - A viral infection that causes swelling beneath the glottis and progressive narrowing of the beneath the glottis and progressive narrowing of the airwayairwayEpiglottitisEpiglottitis- A bacterial infection that causes - A bacterial infection that causes swelling of the epiglottis and blocking of the airwayswelling of the epiglottis and blocking of the airwaySudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)- Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)- Sudden Sudden death of an apparently healthy infant, usually while death of an apparently healthy infant, usually while asleepasleep88Asthma care includes:Asthma care includes:1. Allow the child to assume the position of greatest 1. Allow the child to assume the position of greatest comfort—almost always sitting or semisitting. comfort—almost always sitting or semisitting. Additionally, give an asthma victim plenty of fluids, Additionally, give an asthma victim plenty of fluids, which help loosen and thin mucus in the air which help loosen and thin mucus in the air passages.passages.2. Be calm and reassuring.2. Be calm and reassuring.3. Activate the EMS system or take the child to a 3. Activate the EMS system or take the child to a medical facility.medical facility.4. If allowed as part of your training, assist the patient 4. If allowed as part of your training, assist the patient with his/her inhaler. Even retrieving an inhaler and with his/her inhaler. Even retrieving an inhaler and bringing it to the patient is valuable. bringing it to the patient is valuable.99Cardiac ArrestCardiac ArrestThe signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest in a The signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest in a child include:child include:UnresponsivenessUnresponsivenessSeizure (early in onset of arrest due to Seizure (early in onset of arrest due to hypoxia)hypoxia)Gasping or absent respiratory soundsGasping or absent respiratory soundsAbsence of chest movementAbsence of chest movementPale or blue skinPale or blue skinAbsent pulseAbsent pulse1010SeizuresSeizures1. Turn the child onto his or her side to prevent 1. Turn the child onto his or her side to prevent the tongue from relaxing and shifting the tongue from relaxing and shifting backward, blocking the air passage.backward, blocking the air passage.2. Do not hold the child down, but place the 2. Do not hold the child down, but place the child where he or she will not fall or strike child where he or she will not fall or strike something. A rug on the floor is excellent; so something. A rug on the floor is excellent; so is a crib with padded sides.is a crib with padded sides.3. Loosen tight or restrictive clothing.3. Loosen tight or restrictive clothing.4. Sponge a feverish child with lukewarm 4. Sponge a feverish child with lukewarm water.water.1111ShockShockThe signs and symptoms of shock in a child include:The signs and symptoms of shock in a child include:PalenessPalenessCold, moist skinCold, moist skinLow blood pressureLow blood pressureA rapid, thready pulseA rapid, thready pulseLack of vitalityLack of vitalityExtreme anxietyExtreme anxietyUnconsciousnessUnconsciousness*To care for shock, activate the EMS system, have*To care for shock, activate the EMS system, havethe child lie flat, keep the child warm and as calm asthe child lie flat, keep the child warm and as calm aspossible, and monitor