Ch. 7 Soft-Tissue Injuries7.1 Closed InjuriesFirst Aid CareVocabularyPROGRESS CHECK7.2 Open InjuriesSlide 7Slide 8Activate the EMS system if:Cleaning Wounds and Preventing InfectionPROGRESS CHECK7.3 Special Treatment ConsiderationsImpaled ObjectsAmputationsClamping InjuriesSlide 1611Ch. 7Ch. 7Soft-Tissue InjuriesSoft-Tissue Injuries227.1 Closed Injuries7.1 Closed InjuriesContusionContusionHematomaHematomaCrush InjuriesCrush Injuries33First Aid CareFirst Aid Care1. If you suspect internal bleeding or the 1. If you suspect internal bleeding or the victim shows the signs and symptoms victim shows the signs and symptoms of shock, treat for shock.of shock, treat for shock.2. Apply ice or cold compresses to help 2. Apply ice or cold compresses to help relieve pain and reduce swelling. relieve pain and reduce swelling. 3. Splint painful, swollen, or deformed 3. Splint painful, swollen, or deformed extremities to help control pain and extremities to help control pain and swelling and prevent further injury. swelling and prevent further injury.44VocabularyVocabularyWoundWound- An injury to the skin and underlying - An injury to the skin and underlying musculature that disrupts the normal musculature that disrupts the normal continuity of the affected tissue, organ, or continuity of the affected tissue, organ, or boneboneContusionContusion- A bruise- A bruiseEpidermisEpidermis- The outermost layer of the skin- The outermost layer of the skinDermisDermis- The second layer of skin, which - The second layer of skin, which contains the hair follicles, sweat glands, oil contains the hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, and nervesglands, and nervesHematomaHematoma- A collection of blood beneath the - A collection of blood beneath the skin skin55PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1. A contusion is a ____________. 1. A contusion is a ____________. (closed fracture/ (closed fracture/ bruise/laceration)bruise/laceration)2. A hematoma is ____________ under the skin.2. A hematoma is ____________ under the skin.(blood/swelling/ecchymosis)(blood/swelling/ecchymosis)3. Crushing injuries don’t break the skin but can cause 3. Crushing injuries don’t break the skin but can cause internal injury severe enough to cause ____________. internal injury severe enough to cause ____________. (hemorrhage/fracture/shock)(hemorrhage/fracture/shock)4. Apply ____________ to reduce the pain and swelling 4. Apply ____________ to reduce the pain and swelling associated with closed injuries. associated with closed injuries. (cold (cold compresses/manual pressure/splints)compresses/manual pressure/splints)667.2 Open Injuries7.2 Open InjuriesAbrasionAbrasionLacerationLacerationAvulsionAvulsionPenetrating and Puncture WoundsPenetrating and Puncture WoundsAmputationsAmputationsBitesBites7788First Aid CareFirst Aid Care1. Expose the wound so you can see it clearly; 1. Expose the wound so you can see it clearly; if necessary, cut the victim’s clothing from if necessary, cut the victim’s clothing from around the wound.around the wound.2. Control bleeding with direct pressure, using 2. Control bleeding with direct pressure, using your gloved hand and a dry, sterile your gloved hand and a dry, sterile compression bandage, if possible. compression bandage, if possible. 3. Prevent further contamination by keeping 3. Prevent further contamination by keeping the wound as clean as possible. the wound as clean as possible. AAvoid void touching the wound with anything that is not touching the wound with anything that is not clean. Leave the cleaning of the wound to clean. Leave the cleaning of the wound to medical personnel.medical personnel.4. Apply a dry, sterile dressing to the 4. Apply a dry, sterile dressing to the wound and bandage it securely in place. wound and bandage it securely in place.99Activate the EMS system if:Activate the EMS system if:The wound has spurted blood, even if you have The wound has spurted blood, even if you have controlled the bleeding.controlled the bleeding.The wound is deeper than the outer layer of skin.The wound is deeper than the outer layer of skin.There is uncontrolled bleeding.There is uncontrolled bleeding.There is embedded debris, an embedded object, There is embedded debris, an embedded object, or extensive contamination.or extensive contamination.The wound involves nerves, muscles, or tendons.The wound involves nerves, muscles, or tendons.The wound involves the mouth, tongue, face, The wound involves the mouth, tongue, face, genitals, or any area where a scar would be genitals, or any area where a scar would be disfiguring.disfiguring.The wound is a human or animal bite.The wound is a human or animal bite.1010Cleaning Wounds and Preventing Cleaning Wounds and Preventing InfectionInfectionWash the area around the wound with soap and Wash the area around the wound with soap and water.water.Irrigate the wound with clean tap water; the water Irrigate the wound with clean tap water; the water must flow at moderate pressure and be clean must flow at moderate pressure and be clean enough to drink. enough to drink. Never scrub the wound— you can Never scrub the wound— you can damage the wounded tissues.damage the wounded tissues.Gently pat the wound dry with sterile gauze and Gently pat the wound dry with sterile gauze and apply antibiotic ointment (such as Neosporin).apply antibiotic ointment (such as Neosporin).Cover the wound with a sterile, nonstick dressing, Cover the wound with a sterile, nonstick dressing, and bandage in place.and bandage in place.1111 PROGRESS CHECKPROGRESS CHECK1. The greatest threat from an abrasion is ____________.1. The greatest threat from an abrasion is ____________.(infection/pain/blood loss)(infection/pain/blood loss)2. Linear lacerations heal better than stellate lacerations because 2. Linear lacerations heal better than stellate lacerations because ____________. ____________. (there is less blood loss/the edges are (there is less blood loss/the edges are smooth/infection is less likely)smooth/infection is less likely)3. The most dangerous dog bites are those in areas with 3. The most dangerous dog bites are those in areas with few___________.few___________.(nerve endings/blood vessels/underlying tissues)(nerve endings/blood vessels/underlying tissues)4. The greatest danger with an avulsion is compromised 4. The greatest danger with an avulsion is compromised ____________ in the flap.