Final Study GuidePSYC 2606Fall 2001The final is on FRIDAY, 12/14 AT 7:30 PM - 10:00 PM in our regular classroom. You absolutely,positively must take the final in order to pass the class. There will be no make-up exams. Remember also that your last application paper is due on the last day of class, Thursday, 12/13. I’ll hold extra office hours the day before the exam, Thursday, 12/13, at 3:30 - 5:00. AGGRESSION1. What is aggression?2. What are the 2 types of aggression and how do they differ?3. What did Bandura do in his Bobo doll experiments? What were the results? What do they tellus about causes of aggression?4. What do we know about the long-term and short-term effects of whether exposure to violentmedia images? 5. What 5 ways might aggressive media influence us?6. What cautions should we be aware of when examining research on the relation betweenaggression and exposure to violent media?7. What affect does gender have on aggression?a. What effect does direct versus indirect aggression have on the gender differences?b. What effect does the presence or absence of provocation have on the genderdifferences?8. What is the culture of honor and what effects does it have on aggression? What studies havelooked at this?9. Know about the research and major findings looking at whether pornography influencesaggression toward womena. What is the research indicating it can increase aggression in general?b. What is the research indicating it can increase sexual violence in particular?c. Must it be x-rated movies? What about R-rated movies?10. How does alcohol affect aggression?a. How could our expectancies regarding how alcohol affects us increase aggression?b. What is the idea of alcohol myopia and how has been used to explain thepharmacological effects of alcohol on aggression? i. How does salience of the relevant cues influence behavior when alcohol hasbeen consumed? 11. What is the frustration-aggression theory? (P. 426)a. How is aggression affected by whether the provoking event is perceived as intentionalon unintentional? 12. How does the presence of aggressive cues such as guns affect aggression? Know theBerkowitz and LePage study (p. 428)13. What is catharsis? (P. 438). a. Does punishment decrease aggression?STEREOTYPES, PREJUDICE, AND DISCRIMINATION14. Define stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination15. Must stereotypes be negative by definition?16. What types of negative effects can stereotypes have? 17. What is stereotype threat? What studies did we discuss that looked at stereotype threat?a. What are the potential short-term and long-term effects of stereotype threat?18. Why do we rely on stereotypes?19. What is an illusory correlation and how might this mechanism explain the formation ofstereotypes?20. What role might social leaning play in the formation of stereotypes? 21. According to social identity theory, why do we show bias toward outgroups?a. What is the minimal group paradigm and how does it support the social identity theory?22. According to the realistic group conflict theory, why do we show bias toward outgroups?a. What did Sherif do at the Robber’s Cave summer camp and how do his results relateto realistic group conflict theory?23. What is the contact hypothesis? What features are important to have present in order forcontact to be successful? 24. What is the jigsaw classroom? What effects did it have when Eliot Aronson first implemented itin Austin classrooms?25. What do we mean by more subtle versus more blatant forms of prejudice?26. What is the Implicit Association Test (IAT)? How does it work? What does it tend to show? a. What is the pattern of ingroup preferences shown by Whites versus Blacks?27. What do we mean by internal and external motivation to control prejudice? a. What role does effort play in determining whether prejudiced responses are shown? 28. How can we change the content of stereotypes?a. What are the bookkeeping, conversion, and subtyping models? (P. 479)b. Which of those models are effective in changing stereotypes and why? LEGAL ISSUES29. How accurate are eyewitness?a. What is the relation between accuracy and confidence? P. 57030. What factors during the acquisition of information affect eyewitness accuracy? How and why? 31. During the storage stage of eyewitness information, how does the reconstructive nature ofmemory affect accuracy?32. What is the misinformation effect?a. How does a failure of accurate source monitoring relate to the misinformation effect?33. What is the best guess problem in eyewitness identification and how does it affect accuracy?a. What can be done to diminish the best guess problem? (P. 569)34. What is story order and what is witness order when presenting testimony in court? P. 581 (Factoid of the day – Hastie and Pennington are ex-CU profs and this research was conductedwhile they were at CU.)35. What does death qualification mean?a. What is the evidence that death qualified jurors have different attitudes from non-death-qualified jurors? What effect might this have on the verdicts? b. How might social influence processes operate on death qualified jurors and what effectsmight this have on their verdicts?HEALTH36. What are the medical versus biopsychosocial models of health?37. What do we know about getting people to comply with important health-related messages?a. What is gain-framing and what is loss-framing?b. What is a prevention versus detection behavior? How does this relate to gain-framingand loss-framing? 38. What effect do major stressors have on our health?39. What effect do smaller stressor have on our health?40. What effect does social support have on our health?i. How does the direct effects hypothesis explain the effects of social support?ii. How does the buffering hypothesis explain the effects of social support?41. What effect does perceived control have on health?a. Can there be negative consequences of high perceived control? INFORMATION FROM PAST SECTIONS: Remember that the final is cumulative. There will be about 25questions that deal with material from other sections of the class. To study for that, first review andknow the material on the quiz that I gave you on the very first day of class. I gave you a copy that hadthe correct answers and the chapters from which the material was taken. If you have misplaced yourcopy, you can download a new one from the class web page(http://psych.colorado.edu/~tito/sp01/2606/outlines.html – the link is down