71 Cards in this Set
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which of the following protein do you have most of in your body
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collagen
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_____ are proteins that make reactions go faster in living organisms
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enzymes
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the rate of gene mutations increase a lot as humans grow older and that is the major reason why older people have more cancer
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false
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which statement is false
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gene transcription occurs only once in a gene's life
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what did the michigan agricultural college professor william beal do that was significant
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he was the first scientist to specifically study hybrid corn crosses
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during cell differentiation in an embryo, why do different organs and tissues develop
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regulator genes turn in some genes and turn off other genes
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making plants or animals more heterozygous usually results in _____
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increased heterosis
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the DNA helix looks like a twisted ladder. If DNA were a ladder, which of the following would make up the steps
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bases
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what does a gene do
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makes amino acids in humans, passes along hereditary trait to offspring, codes for making a specific protein, changes from one form to another almost daily (all the above)
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regarding nucleotides, which is false
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most of the energy we get from ATP is in the sugar part of the ATP molecule
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which of the following is true
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sickle-cell anemia is caused by the substitution of one amino acid in hemoglobin
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the order of ______ in DNA dictates the order of ______ in proteins
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nucleotides, amino acids
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which if the following molecules is the biggest and most complex
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hemoglobin
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the unifying genetic principle among all organisms in the world is the triplet codes for ______ are the same for all living organisms
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amino acids
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biotechnology has been used to help solve which of the following causes of infant mortality in the world
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bacterial diarrhea
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why does bread dough "rise"
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CO2 tries to escape
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what are the chances that two people with light blue eyes will produce a child with dark eyes
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0%
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milk production in animals is started by ______
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a promotion regulator gene
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which statement is false
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blood type in humans is a case of partial dominance
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in RNA which bases pair together
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Uracil and adenine
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in human your "biological clock" for aging is turned on at about the age 35 years
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false
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half of our gametes would be identical to one parent and the other half like the other parent if ___
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crossing over didn't occur during meiosis
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which of the following parts makes amino acids different from each other
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the "R" group
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how many chromosomes are normally found in each human egg
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23
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if one nucleotide is deleted when DNA is copied, which of the following will occur
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a different amino acid may be specified by the 3-base triplet where the deletion occurred, a repair enzyme may correct the problem, if a correction isn't made a mutation will have occurred, a different protein may be synthesized based on the new sequences of bases (all the above)
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a gene mutation in animals may be passed off to the offspring if it occurs in the animal's _________
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ovaries
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if the code for an amino acid on DNA is ATC, what will the codon on m-RNA be
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UAG
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if a hybrid plant (AB) is allowed to self fertilize what will the genotypic ratio of the offspring be
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1:2:1
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it is not possible for men to produce milk in their breasts
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false
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proto-oncogenes are always bad for humans
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false
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what amino acid is the first one in the chain during the synthesis of every protein
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methionine
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which statement is true concerning
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Bt crops greatly decrease the amount of pesticides used by farmers to kill insects
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concerning biotechnology, which is false
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"pharming" is the use of drugs to control plant and animal diseases
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what has to happen for an animal to be considered "domesticated"
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some physical change must have occurred to the organism over time
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the genes for the same trait on a pair of homologous chromosomes are called _____
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alleles
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meiosis ________
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occurs only in sex cells
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which of the following would you expect to transcribe their genes more rapidly
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bacteria
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if one of your parents had blood type A and the other blood type B, is it possible for you to have blood type O
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yes, if both parents were heterozygous for blood type
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if red is a partially dominant for flower color, what flower colors will the offspring have if someone crosses a plant which has all pink flowers with one that has all white flowers
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half will be white
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apoptosis _______
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occurs in cells when something goes wrong
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if a farmer in a developing country saves seeds produced by an AB hybrid plant, will the plants she grows from those seeds also produce hybrid seeds
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half the seeds will also be hybrids
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blindness in humans is a major concern in countries where rice is a major food source because _____
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rice is very low in vitamin A
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______ are to proteins as _______ are to nucleic acids
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amino acids; nucleotides
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which statement is false
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there is absolutely no reason for the concern some people have about biotechnology
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can plant diseases infect people
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no
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can people synthesize the 20 amino acids using simple organic materials flowing around in our blood
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no
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which statement is false
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t-RNA carries the message for making a protein from DNA to the ribosomal protein factory
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regarding food crops, which is true
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cereals were likely the first crops domesticated and this occurred in the Middle East
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the genetic make-up of an organism is referred to as its ____
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genotype
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if a person has X0 sex chromosomes the person will
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be an infertile female
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meiosis ______
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occurs only in sex cells
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what is the first step in the synthesis of proteins in your cells
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DNA is duplicated
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gluten allows dough to "rise" so which contains the least amount of gluten
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pasta
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let's say a certain species of plant shows partial (incomplete) dominance for flower color, with dark blue being dominate and white being recessive. if someone crosses a plant of this species that has white flowers with one that has light blue flowers, what colors of flowers will the offs…
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half will be light blue
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if both of your parents have type O blood, can you have type A blood
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no, it isn't possible
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which is true
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epigenetics is the study of how gene expression is affected by environment, there is absolutely no basis for the concern some people express over biotechnology (more that one of the above is true)
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hormones are all proteins
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false
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after you eat enough food, you stop being hungry because of _____
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a repression master gene
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which statement is false
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in nature, monogamy is rare
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the code for amino acid on DNA is CAT, what is the codon for m-RNA
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GUA
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If a hybrid plant (AB) is allowed to self fertilize what will the phenotypic ratio of the offspring be
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not enough information is given to tell
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concerning plant and animal breeding, which is considered to be true
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traditional breeding usually takes longer than the biotechnology technique
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which is the following is a disease caused by having XXY chromosomes
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Klinefelter syndrome
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based on what you know about macromolecules, which of the following is the likely most complex
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keratin
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making crosses between closely related plants and animals usually results in _____
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more homozygosity
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human female babies are born with all the eggs they will need, but the eggs aren't mature
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true
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the first step in synthesis of proteins is ____
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____ transcription
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in the male parts of plants and animals, mother cells undergo two divisions during meiosis to form 4 gametes
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true
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regarding proteins, which of the following is true
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if a gene mutates, the shape to the protein produced will also likely change
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an incomplete protein is missing one or more of the essential amino acids
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true
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DNA molecule unwound looks like a ladder. which would be the siderails
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phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars
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Study Guide: Final Exam