Study Guide: Final Exam
61 Cards in this Set
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The Place Where aquifers are most likely to be contaminated is at
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Recharge Zones
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In General, water use worldwide is dominated by
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Agriculture Use
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Consequences of the Hydroelectric dams, such as the Aswan Dam in egypt include
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Increase in the need for buying Fertilizer
Increase in the occurrence of Schistosmiasis
Decline in the Mediterranean Fisheries
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The Ogallala Aquifer supplies water to _____ & once held more water than all the surface water in _______
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The Central Plains States; In the World
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Ecological Services such as treating sewage and wastewater can be accomplished by using a
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Neutral Marsh
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____ Sources of water pollution are relatively easy to monitor and regulate
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Point Sources
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____Sources of pollution are difficult to monitor and clean up
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Non Point Sources
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Factories, sewage treatement plants and oil wells are ____ source of water pollution
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POINT
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Atmosphere Deposition of contaminants is an excellent example of
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Non Point Pollution
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High Oxygen content in water is an indication that
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Water is clean enough to support game fish
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Coliform bacteria population are routinely monitored in drinking water supplies, swimming pools, and at beaches because b/c
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Indicate the presence of feces in water
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In the diagram the (X) axis represents (#11)
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Distance from outffall pipe
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The most active decomposition occurs in the areas marked ___ on the (x) axis of the diagram
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o to 1
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An Oxygen Sag occurs most often
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immediately downstream from the pollution source
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____ is an example of a natural process that is accelerated by human activities
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Eutrophication
The weathering and release of toxic inorganic minerals from rocks
The mobilization and concentration of soluble salts from ground water
Sediments loading of rivers
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Surface water pollution has largely decreased in the united states since 1950 b/c
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The Clean Water Act
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Primary sewage treatment involves
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Removing solids from water
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Tertiary treatement of sewage produces water that is typical used for
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Dumping into freshwater systems
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Using Duckweed in a lagoon as low-tech sewage treatment plants is an example of
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Bioremediation
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The most rapidly growing Energy Sources is
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Natural Gas
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The main pollutant released by coal burning is
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Sulfur oxides
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Nuclear waste storage in the united states is currently handled
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In temporary storage at individual plants individual plants
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most of our energy waste in North America results from
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Technological inefficiency
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The idea of cogeneration is to actively use _____ electricity generating plants
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Both electricity and waste steam heat from
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A Glass greenhouse on the south side of a building is an example of
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Passive heat absorption
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a system of pipes painted black that have water circulating on the wall in a glass greenhouse on the south side of a building is an example of
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An active solar heating system
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Parabolic Mirrors ______ sunlight on a collecting medium
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Focus intense
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Since the 1920s hydropower production has
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risen but not as fast as fossil fuel use
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Siltation and decreased water quality are especially significant problems with
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Huge dams on major rivers
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some highly efficient turbines can be submerged directly in a river and require only ___ to operate
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Run-of-the-river Flow
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Tidal power stations operate by using
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Turbines that spin in the flow of tide water
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Ocean thermal electric conservation systems wold operate best in
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warm, shallow, tropic seas
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Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the
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Industrial revolution
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Historically,____ of the worlds populations has always lived in ____, at least since the beginning of written history
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The vast majority ; rural communities
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In rural areas, the majority of people
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Are involved in harvesting natural resources
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Cities are distinguished by their
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Differentiated,specialized jobs and functions
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a city with a population greater than ____ is considered a megacity
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10 million people
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An example of a mega city
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Mexico City, Mexico
Los Angeleas, USA
Tokyo, Japan
Delhi, India
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The diseases that are caused by water pollution in the major cities of developing countries are
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lack of waste treatment systems to accommodate the population
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Positive feed back loops associated with an increase in the earths average temperature due to the increase in greenhouse include
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More global ice sheets melting leading to a decrease in albedo
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The best solution to ease traffic congestion and reduce pollution
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develop a successful mass transit system
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True OR False: Each resident is responsible for growing his or her own food is a goal of smart growth
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FALSE
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New towns are designed to
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incorporate open space with the convenience of living in an urban area
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What is an excample of Monomania
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The destruction of forests that lead to soil erosion
Urban development near the coast that destroys mangroves destroying nesting habitats for birds
Opening the St. Laurence Seaway allowing invasive species to invade into the great lakes
Diverting rivers to the aral sea leading d…
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When we purcahse a product, the price we pay directly reflects the ____ of producing it
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Internal Cost
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If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water, then the costs of this pollution are termed
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External Cost
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What author criticized the idea of commonly held resources in "the tragedy of the commons"
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Garret Hardin
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The tragedy of the commons is based on a view that
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Only privatization or strict laws can overcome people's selfish and greedy nature
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Ecosystem services include
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Nutrient cycling
Recreation
Soil Formation
Pollination
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Benefit of Biodiversity for humans
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Aesthetics
Ecological services
food
drug and medicines
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Soil formation and water purification are examples of ____based on the biodiversity benefit humans
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Ecological Services
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HIPPO
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Habitat Destruction
Invasive Species
Pollution
Human Population
Over Harvesting
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Introduced (exotic) species tend to ____ the balance of ecosystems and ____biodiversity
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Upset ; Decrease
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The Zebra Mussel was introduced to the great lakes
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Accidentally in ocean-going ship ballast
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Peak oil, or hubberts peak, indicate that production US domestic oil ____ and world production will ____
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Has peaked and is on the decline ; peak within 20 years
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Proponenets of climate change say that given what we know about the probabilty of the greenhouse effect the best things to do is
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Severely cut back on production of greenhouse gases
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What are likely consequences of global warming
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Melting polar ice caps
Rising sea levels
Redistribution of biomes
Mass migration of humans
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the area of the planet that is showing the greatest increase in average temperature is the
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The Arctic Tundra Region
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A Carbon Sink includes
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Land
Oceans
Certain geological formations
Vegetation
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The CO2 Levels in the atmosphere have increased from 280 ppm before the industrial revolution to ______ today
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390ppm
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The trend for atmospheric greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution has shown
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They are all going up at an increasing rate
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Study Guide: Final Exam