ARTS 149: FINAL EXAM
67 Cards in this Set
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Elevation
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The arrangement, proportions, and details of any vertical side or face of a building. Also: an architectural drawing showing an exterior or interior wall of a building.
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Finials
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A knoblike architectural decoration usually found at the top point of a spire, pinnacle, canopy, or gable. Also found on furniture; also the ornamental top of a staff
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Buttress
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A projecting support built against an external wall, usually to counteract the lateral thrust of a vault or arch within.
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Gable Roof
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A gable is the triangular wall enclosed by the sloping ends of the roof.
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ambulatory
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the walkway around the apse in a basilica church/central plan
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Archivolt
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Bands or moldings surrounding an arched opening.
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Apse
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A semi-circular wall at the northern side of a cathedral
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Apse
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A semi-circular wall at the northern side of a cathedral
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baptisery
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A building used for the christian ritual of baptism it is usually separate from the main church and other octagonal or circular in shape.
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Bay
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A vertical compartment of a building in which several such compartments are repeated; each bay might be defined by columns, piers, windows, or vaulting units
Durham Cathedral, England
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Flying Buttress
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semi-arch on the outside that helps support the building so it can have stained glass. Gothic period. They are the solution to tall buildings out of stone, so you can open the walls to have windows.
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Campanile
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a freestanding Italian bell tower
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choir
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space within the church that is reserved for clergy members and singers of the church.
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clerestory
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The upper part of the main outer wall of a building (especially a church), located above an adjoining roof and admitting light through a row of windows
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Cloister
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A covered passage around an open space. In monasteries, connects the church to the chapter house and refectory
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Compound Pier
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A pier with a group, or cluster, of attached shafts, or responds, especially characteristic of Gothic architecture
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crossing tower
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The tower which sometimes occurs above the space at the intersection of the nave, chancel, and transept of a church.
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Cruciform
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In the shape of a cross
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Gallery
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In church architecture. the story found above the side aisles of a church, usually open to and overlooking the nave. Also: in secular architecture, a long room, usually above the ground floor in a private house or a public building used for entertaining, exhibiting pictures, or promenadin…
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Jambs
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Areas to the left and the right of the doors. Support arch or lintel
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Lintel
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A horizontal element of any material carried by two or more vertical supports to form an opening.
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Nave
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The central space of a basilica, two or three stories high and usually flanked by aisles
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Nave Arcade
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The series of arches supported by piers separating the nave from the sides aisles.
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pinnacles
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ornate, small, thin, pointed towers outside cathedral
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Portal
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A grand entrance, door, or gate, usually to an important public building, and often decorated with sculpture
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radiating chapel
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Series of chapels arranged around an ambulatory in the apse of a cathedral
EX: St. James Cathedral, Santiago de Compostela
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radiating chapel
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Series of chapels arranged around an ambulatory in the apse of a cathedral
EX: St. James Cathedral, Santiago de Compostela
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ribs
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intersection of two or three barrel vaults produces a rib vault when they are edged with an armature of piped masonry often carved in decorative patterns
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Springer
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The point at which the curve of an arch or vault meets with and rises from its support
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Tracery
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Ornamental stonework for holding stained glass in place,characteristic of Gothic cathedrals.
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Transept
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The arm of a cruciform church, perpendicular to the nave. The point where the nave and transept cross is called the crossing. Beyond the crossing trancept lies the sanctuary, whether apse, choir, or chevet.
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Triforum
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The element of the interior elevation of a church, found directly below the clerestory and consisting of a series of arched openings. The triforium can be made up of openings from a narrow wall passageway, or it can be attached directly to the wall.
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Trumeau
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A column, pier, or post found at the center of a large portal or doorway, supporting the lintel.
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Tympanum
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In Classical architecture, the vertical panel of the pediment. In medieval and later architecture, the area over a door enclosed by an arch and a lintel, often decorated with scupture or mosaic.
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Vault
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An arched masonry structure that spans an interior space
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Barrel/Tunnel vault
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An elongated or continuous semicircular vault, shaped like a half-cylinder
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Corbeled vault
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a vault made by projecting courses of stone
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Groin/ Cross vault
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A vault created by the intersection of two barrel vaults of equal size which creates four side compartments of identical size and shape.
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Quadrant/ Half-barrel vault
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A half-barrel vault
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Rib vault
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Ribs demarcate the junctions of a groin cault. Ribs may function to reinforce the groins or may be purely decorative.
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voussoirs
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The oblong, wedge-shaped stone blocks used to build an arch. The topmost voussoir is called a keystone
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webbing
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in architecture, a netlike structure that composes that part of a ribbed vault that lies between the ribs
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Canon Table
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A table of concordance for two or more parallel texts of the Gospels, usually the one compiled by Eusebius of Caesarea in the fourth century
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carpet page
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characteristic feature of Insular illuminated manuscripts
pages of mainly geometrical ornamentation, which may include repeated animal forms, typically placed at the beginning of each of the four Gospels in Gospel Books
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Codex
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A book, or group of manuscript pages, held together by stitching or other binding on one side.
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Folio
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large book or manuscript
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Illuminated manuscript
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a text that is supplemented by decorations, usually decorated with gold or silver
Usually Bibles created by Monks (RBE)
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Parchment
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Awriting surface made from treated skins of animals. Very fine parchment is known aas "vellum."
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Scriptoria
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A room in a monastery for writing or copying manuscripts
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vellum
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a fine (young) animal skin prepared for writing and painting
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Carolingian Renaissance
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- Intellectual/cultural revival during Charlemagne's reign
- increase of literature,arts, writing, and architecture.
-Late 8th-9th century
-reached for models drawn from example of christian roman empire
-rebirth of ideals of greek and roman classical art
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Cathedral
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The principal Christian church in a diocese, the bishop's administrative center and housing his throne.
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Cloisonne
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metal working technique: metal partitions are attached edge up to a background and filled with colored glass, stones or enamel/glass paste
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Crusades
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European Christians to free the Holy Land from
the Muslim Turks.
Sig: Major Effects: Militarily unsuccessful for
Europeans.
–New products & ideas introduced into Europe
–Muslims and Christians persecuting each
other leads to intolerance, continues today.
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enamel
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an opaque or semitransparent glassy substance applied to metallic or other hard surfaces for ornament or as a protective coating
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Gothic
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Style of chuches built with tall, thin walls, large spaces for stained glass windows, and spires that caused the eye to look toward heaven
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Hiberno-Saxon
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-Irish monks set up monastic establishments in Britain and Scotland
-monastreies appear in England, Wales, Saxon, Scotland, and Ireland
-conversion to Christianity was an important goal of these monasteries, missionaries journeying through Europe
-most famous for beautifully …
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Ottonian Art
(919-1024)
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A new line of emperors, the Ottonians, consolidated the eastern part of Charlemagne's former empire and sought to preserve and enrich the culture and tradition of the Carolingian period.
Ottonians start to style themselves as christlike emperors. Do make some monumental sculpture. Cros…
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Pilgrimage
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- Journey to a sacred or holy place for spiritual purpose
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Relics
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objects associated with a holy figure
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reliquary
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a container for a sacred relic or relics
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Romanesque
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A style of architecture and art dominant in Europe from the 9th to the 12th century. Romanesque architecture, based on ancient Roman precedents, emphasizes the round arch and the barrel vault.
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rose window
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a circular stained glass window
Tracery patterns in a petal like formation
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Lancet Window
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A narrow pointed window. are especially characteristic of Gothic architecture- Notre Dame Cathedral, Chartres, France
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Stained Glass
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Gothic most famous feature
-Filtered colored light
-Chartres Cathedral (France)
-Blue and red dominant colors in Gothic churches.
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cartoon
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a full sized drawing from which the painting is made
{Sistine Chapel, Michelangelo}
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Cames
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narrow lead strips that join the pieces of glass together
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ARTS 149: EXAM 1