ARCH 250: EXAM 1
36 Cards in this Set
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What is the symbolic importance of the church in medieval importance society?
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Dominated there day to day life.
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What are the characteristics of a Gothic church, in plan and in elevation?
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gothic churches typically include:
1) narthex (porch)
2)Nave 3) Aisle 4) Transepts 5) Crossing 6) Chancel (sanctuary, chapel, altar)
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How do the structural elements of Gothic Architecture change the way the weight of a building is supported and allow architects to pursue an "integrated aesthetic system" ?
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The structural system acts as a skeleton system transferring roof loads down to the ground at discrete points, thereby freeing up space within the church
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Explain the importance of the location the St. Denis and how it is connected to the kings of france.
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became a place of pilgrimage and burial place of french kings.
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What are some of the spirtutal goals and architectural precedents that influenced the St. Denis?
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inspired by descriptions of the temple of solomon and Hagia sophia along with writings from St. Denis
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What parts were built by Abbot suger?
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WEST FRONT/most of the existing church was built under the leadership of Abbot
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Describe the facade of this church. Including the main parts and their decoration.
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Rose window (center), portals(entrance), Towers are octagonal. The Facade has a greater feeling of depth and openness.
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What are the main parts of the plan and why is it important, practically and symbolically?
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Main parts: Narthex(listening area) Transepts(run perpendicular to church, complete cross) Aisles(walk ways, parallel nave) crossings(support vaults) Chancel(altar, worship, choir)
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What are the four parts of the interior Elevation of the Notre Dome (LOAN FRANCE)?
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Aisle/Arcade, Gallery, Triforium, Clear Story
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Who is Chartes Cathedral dedicated to?
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the virgin mary, after it burned down they thought that it was a sign that she desired a bigger church so they built that MUFUH bigger!
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Describe the interior elevation of Chartes.
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the interior and exterior are directly connected. Arcade, Triforium, Clerestory. Stained glass put in clerestory because it is now stretched.
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Explain the technique used in the St. Etienne cathedral. Bourges France
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less stone=less cost. use of flying buttresses
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What other other gothic does Bourges cathedral imitate?
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Notre Dame in Loan France
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How was the upper part at Saint-Denis changed?
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the triforium was opened up to the outside and windows were installed, letting more light into the church.
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What are some of the changes made to Notre Dame cathedral in paris during the 13th century?
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West facade towers
openwork gangway
revision of interior windows
extension of transept arms
addition of chapels to south transept
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Why did king louie decide to build the Sainte-chapple in paris? What purpose does it serve both practically and symbolically?
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Built it as a repository to store relics from constantinople. holy place?
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Describe the structure of the Sainte-chapelle and how it allows the walls of the upper walls to almost be entirely made of stained glass.
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Flying butresses and bar tracery
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What are some of the structural problems encountered at Amines cathedral?
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cracks in the ceiling. collapsing arch
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Why did canterbury become the destination for pilgrims and how did this influence its design?
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to partake in the miracles at the tomb of st. thomas. aisle and ambulatory linked the site of thomas's martyrdom with his shrine in the trinity chapel
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what are some of the characteristics of the early english style seen in the interior of the canterberry church.
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alternating paired cylindrical patterens vaults spring from the same level of the gallery arcades. the gallery has two sets of paired arches. the clerestory has a wall passage. decorative dark stone. emphasis on horizontal rather than vertical lines.
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telling from its plan, how was salisbury both an abbey and a chapel
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polygonal chapter house
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how does the facade of the salsbury compare to the french gothic churches
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deep portals(door way entrances) lots of tracery and sculpture
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Describe appearance of the cloister here and how it demonstrates the characteristics of the decorated style
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used tracery
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Describe the rib ridge and tierceron in reference to the "crazy vaults" of lincoln cathedral
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interior vaults demonstrate a new approach to the rib vault by adding a ridge rib along the central fold of the vault and supplementary cross ribs called tiercerons
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What are some of the characteristics of the angel choir that illustrate the decorated style in english gothic arch
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bar tracery
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Explain why the wooden hammerbeam construction played an important role in the role in the construction of Ely cathedral and westhminister hall.
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the hammer beam trust used short cantilevers extending out from the wall to narrow the span thus allowing for the use shorter timbers.
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What characteristics of the english perpendicular style seen in westminister cathedral and kings college chapel
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emphasis on vertically thin panels of tracery. continuous lines.
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how do the vaults and tracery in the lady chapel contribute to the decoration of the church?
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the detail of the ogee arch
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what role have the kings had on the westminister?
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nave, chapel, and lady chapel were all constructed under the order of the kings
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how does the westminister compare to the gothic churches of france, in design?
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tall proportions
pointed arches
ribbed vaulting
flying buttresses
rose windows
tracery windows
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perpendicular style seen in the westminister
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crenellated parapet=provided a low protective wall along the edge of the roof
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perpendicular style seen in the kings college chapel?
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thin panels of tracery and continuos lines
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How does the plan of the S. Maria reflect cistercian influence.
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the cistercian like simplicity to the plan; ribbed domical vaults that are braced by buttresses concealed under aisle roofs avoiding use of flying buttresses
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what are some of the techniques that the
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emphasis on squares. the builders braced building while constructions....spacious interior
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types of homes built in medieval period
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a long house= humans and live stock
manor house= people who owned property; higher class
town homes= richer people in the city
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purpose of a castle
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military defense against attack
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ARCH 250: TEST 1 BUILDINGS/ STYLES