BIOL 244: Blood Vessels
10 Cards in this Set
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Arteries
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-carry blood away from the heart
-branch/diverge/fork to form smaller and smaller branches
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Veins
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-carry blood toward the heart
-join/merge/converge to form larger and larger branches
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Capillaries
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-smallest blood vessels
-connect arteries to veins
-are in intimate contact with tissues for exchanges
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Historical discoveries
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-Chinese emperor Huang Ti: believed that blood flowed in a complete circuit around the body and back to the heart
-Roman physician Galen: thought blood flowed back and forth like air; believed liver created blood out of nutrients and organs consumed it
-English physiologist William Harv…
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Anatomy of blood vessels
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(review diagram)
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Layers of vessel wall (inside --> out)
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-tunica interna (intima)
-tunica media
-tunica externa (adventitia)
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Tunica interna (intima)
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-lines the blood vessel & is exposed to blood
-endothelium
~acts as a selectively permeable barrier
~secrete chemicals that stimulate dilation or constriction of the vessel
~normally repels blood cells and platelets that may adhere to it & form a clot
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Tunica media
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-middle layer
-consists of smooth muscle, collagen, and elastic tissue
-strengthens vessel & prevents blood pressure from rupturing them
-vasomotion: changes in motion of the blood vessel (constriction/relaxation) brought about by smooth muscle
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Tunica externa/adventitia
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-outermost layer
-consists of loose connective tissue
-anchors the vessel and provides passage for small nerves, lymphatic vessels
-vasa vasorum: small vessels that supply blood to at least the outer half of the larger vessels
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Another name for arteries
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Resistance vessels: they have relatively strong, resilient tissue structure that resists high blood pressure
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BIOL 244: Exam 1