PSYX 100IS: Sensation and Perception Ch 3
26 Cards in this Set
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Habituation
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Tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant unchanging information
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Sensory Adaptation
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Tendency of sensory receptor cells to become less responsive to a stimulus that is unchanging
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Pupil
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Iris opening that changes size depending on the amount of light in the environment
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Iris
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a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening
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Aqueous Humor
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Clear liquid that nourishes the eye (btw cornea and lens)
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Cornea
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Bends the light waves so that the image can be focused on the retina
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Vitreous Humor
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Jelly like liquid that nourishes and gives shape to the eye
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Optic disc
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Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, no photo-receptors which results in a blind spot.
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Fovea
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Central area of retina, greatest density of photoreceptors
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Retina
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Inner lining of eye, contains photoreceptor cells.
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Visual Accomodation
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Change in the thickness of the lens as the eye focuses on objects that are far away or close.
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Rods
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light receptors, see in B&W and low light
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Cones
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Light receptors, bright light, color
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Opponent-process theory
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the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision for example, some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red; others are stimulated by red and inhibited by green
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Place theory
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Theory of pitch that states that different pitches are experienced by the stimulation of hair cells in different locations on the organ of corti.
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Frequency Theory
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theory of pitch that states that pitch is related to the speed of vibrations in the basilar membrane.
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Volley Principle
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theory of pitch that states that frequencies from 400-4000 Hz cause the hair cells to fire in a volley pattern, or take turns firing.
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Somesthetic senses
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The body senses consisting of the skin senses, the kinesthetic sense, and the vestibular senses.
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Skin senses
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sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain
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Kinesthetic Sense
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sense of location of body parts in relation to the ground and each other
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Vestibular senses
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the sensation to movement, balance and body position.
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Sensory Conflict Theory
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An explanation of motion sickness in which the information from the eyes conflicts with the information from the vestibular senses, resulting in dizziness, nausea, and other physical discomfort.
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perception
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the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
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Size Constancy
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the tendency to interpret an object as always being the same actual size, regardless of it distance
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Shape constancy
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the tendency to interpret the shape of an object as being constant, even when its shape changes on the retina.
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Brightness constancy
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the tendency to perceive the apparent brightness of an object as the same even when the light conditions change.
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PSYX 100IS: C6 Exam 3