PSYX 100IS 1st Edition Lecture 3Review- Descriptive Studyo When a researcher simply wants to describe something without investigating relationships between variables Tells us what’s going on Doesn’t tell us why- Correlational Studyo When a researcher manipulates nothing but observes or measures 2 or more variables Help identify lawful relationships between variables Can help make predictions Doesn’t state the cause- Laboratory Studyo Participants are tested or observed in a specially designed area Easier to control- Field Studyo Any research not conducted in a lab Behave more naturallyToday’s Lecture- Standard Divisiono A measure of how variable a set of datao Ranges from -1.00 to 1.00o Zero correlation means no correlation- Correlation Coefficiento Positive correlation When one number increases the other tends one increaseso Negative Correlation  When one number increases the other tends to decreaseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.*****Correlation doesn’t imply causation. A strong correlation between X and Y doesnot mean X causes Y- Statistics Continuedo Inferential Statistics Results of any study may be due to chance So we never are 100% sure of our results Inferential Stats answer this question- How confident can we be that the effect seen in the sample is true in the population?o Statistically significant 0.05 or 5% Results are statistically significant if there is less than a 5% chance that the data would come out the way they did the hypothesis is wrong Affected by- Size of the difference between means - Number of subjects tested- Variability-o Error vs. Bias Error- Random variability in the data  Bias- Non-random effects caused by some factor Bias and Error can combineAnnouncements Exam 1 Tuesday in class Quiz 1 online on