BIOL 1442: Lab Final
59 Cards in this Set
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Areas of neurons that bind to or react with a stimulating molecule
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Receptors
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A receptor that responds to touch
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mechanoreceptors
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A receptor that responds to light
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photoreceptors
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A receptor that responds to food molecules
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chemoreceptors
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stimulus > sensory neurons >interneurons (spinal cord and brain) > Brain> response
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Reaction
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What is not involved in reflex?
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brain
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Involuntary responses to stimuli
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Reflexes
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What do sensory neurons stimulate directly?
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motor neurons
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Learned lack of response during presence of stimuli
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Adaption
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What is the lack of sensation when clothing touches the skin called?
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Adaption
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Variable that is manipulated (cause)
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independant
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Variable that is affected by the independent variable (effect)
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dependant
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The lowest amount of a substance or stimuli that elicits a response.
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threshold sensitivity
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have very little control over these errors.
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random error
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when measured values differ from true values
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Systematic Error
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A brief summary of the experiment that gives the reader an understanding
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abstract
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Most important part of a scientific paper!
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discussion
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Meant to supplement the text of a lab report
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tables and figures
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Alphabetical order, then chronologically
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literature cited
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Reactions that break down molecules
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catabolic
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Reactions that combine molecules
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anabolic
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Organisms that are unable to regulate their own body temperature
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ectotherms
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(Final CO2 level – initial CO2 level)/ Total time
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CO2 change over time
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(Final O2 level – initial O2 level)/ Total time
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O2 change over time
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A species of crustacean, are planktonic (small enough to swim against the current) and feed primarily on algae. Reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis and are highly susceptible to water pollutants.
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Daphnia magna
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the medulla and the pons function
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breathing control
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Sphygmomanometer
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"BP CUFF"
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The pressure when the heart contracts
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systolic
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The pressure when the heart is relaxed
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diastolic
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basic statistics i.e. mean, median, and mode. Usually single numbers that provide us with a way to summarize even a very large data set.
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Descriptive statistics
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Test used when comparing means?
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T test
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A test used to compare different categories? (light/dark)
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Chi square test
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is a test that uses antibodies to detect the presence of a disease agent
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ELISA Assay
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used in such diverse places as pregnancy tests (in conjunction with human chorionic gonadotropin hCG), disease detection in plants and humans, illegal drug detection, testing indoor air quality, and determining if food is labelled correctly
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ELISA Assay
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molecule that causes your body to mount an immune response
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Antigen
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make up as much as 15% of your total blood serum protein
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Antibody
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if the specific antigen is present in a patient’s blood, the animal antibody will bind to it, indicating a positive diagnosis
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Primary antibodies
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antibodies recognize and bind to primary antibodies from another species
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Secondary Antibodies
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detect levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
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pregnancy ELISA
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most widely used herbicide in the U.S. The U.S. Dept. of Ag reports that approximately 70 million pounds were used in the U.S.?
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Atrazine
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atrazine decomposes only slowly in water. How can this affect its time in an environment.
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can stay around much longer than expected
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is banned in Switzerland
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Atrazine
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induced the production of aromatase can have what effect?
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chemical castration (androgen conversion to estrogen)
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Who published his findings in the distinguished scientific journal, Nature.
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Tyrone Hayes
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Larvae were used in Hayes experiment because?
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atrazines sexual maturation impact
biosynthesis of testosterone
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His data showed the effect of atrazine on hermaphroditism in male frogs
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Tyrone Hayes
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Atrazine appeared to alter male frog development beginning at?
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0.1 μg/L
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they rejected his report and informed him that they would no longer support his work
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Tyrone Hayes
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Syngenta then funded new studies of atrazine’s safety headed by
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James Carr
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EPA showed that the controls were not free of atrazine and were found to contain atrazine levels comparable to those in the 0.1ppb treatment level
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James Carr
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data showed very little change in the testosterone levels in the frogs grown in atrazine contaminated water
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James Carr
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Armadillidium vulgare
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pill bug
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the movement of an animal in response to a stimuli
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taxis
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very common terrestrial crustacean
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pill bug
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describes an animal’s movement towards light
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Positive Phototaxis
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Random movement of animals
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Kinesis
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Animal Behavior influences many aspects of an animal’s...
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anatomical and physiological adaptations (Lions large manes)
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X2 = Σ(observed value-expected value)2/expected value
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Chi Square equation
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= n-1 (n= number of variables)
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Degree of freedom
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BIOL 1442: Chapter 35