Chem 1211 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Equilibrium reactionII. Aqueous solutionsOutline of Current Lecture I. Acids and BasesII. Conjugate Acid-Base PairsCurrent LectureI. Acids and Bases a. Reactions fit in the category of equilibriumi. Under the conditions of the reaction, the products that you make can easily revert back to the original reactantsb. Strong Acid, Strong Basei. D + E F+ G (products favored)ii. H2SO4 + H2O 2H+ + SO4c. Weak Acids, Weak Basesi. H3CO2 + H20 CH3CO2- + H+ (mostly acetic acid) d. ConcepTest: Which acid is categorized INCORRECTLY?i. HF, weakii. H3PO4, weakiii. H2CO3, strong1. ANSWER: iii (they are all weak)e. Sources of OH- are strong basesf. Strength of base/acid is a property that is inherent in the molecules. If you take HCl, that molecule wants to disassociate into H+ and Cl-. In an equilibrium reaction, there is a balance between how much Cl- wants to disassociate and H+ wants to hold ong. ConcepTest: Which statement is TRUE about hydronium H3O+ (knowing that H+ + H2O H2O+)?i. It is a conjugate base in the reaction of H2SO4 + H2OThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. It represents a proton solvated by 1 or more waters iii. It is predicted by Arrhenius but not Bronsted-Lowryiv. It is a complex ion in which O is attached to all 3 Hv. None are true1. ANSWER: v, none are true (it represents a proton solvated by 1 or more waters AND it is a complex ion in which O is attached to all 3H)a. Reasoning: It is really the conjugate acid in the reaction. It is predicted by Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowrey.h. ConcepTest: Which are acid, conjugate base pairs in a proton transfer reaction in water?i. HF, F-ii. HO-, H2Oiii. H2CO3, CO32-1. ANSWER: i and ii2. Reasoning: a. HO- + H2O H0- (conjugate base) + H20 (conjugate acid)b. H2CO3 (acid) + H2O (base) H3O+ (conjugate acid) + HCO3- (conjugate base)i. Water can be acid or base, depending on scenarioII. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairsa. Examples (pairs differ by a proton)i. HF -H+ F- +H+ HFii. H2O -H+ OH- +H+ H2Ob. ConcepTest: Which is considered a basic oxide based on the product it forms when added to water?i. CO2ii. SO3iii. CO2 and SO3iv. CaOv. None of these1. ANSWER: iv (CaO)a. Reasoning: Basic oxides are formed mainly by metals, especially the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals c. ConcepTest: What is the likely product in this gas-forming reaction? i. HCl (aq) + NaHCO3 (aq) ???1. ANSWER:
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