Chem 1211 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture I. Electron ConfigurationII. Atomic SizeIII. Ionization Energy IV. Ion SizeOutline of Current Lecture I. Atomic Properties, ContinuedII. Chapter 8 IntroductionCurrent LectureI. Atomic Properties, continueda. ConcepTest: If the first ionization energy for Ca is 600 kJ/mol, what are the predicted second and third ionization energies (in kJ/mol)?i. 600, 600ii. 600, 1200iii. 1200, 5000iv. 5000, 12001. ANSWER: iii (1200, 5000). The order of magnitude becomes bigger.b. ConcepTest: For which pair of ions and/or atoms does the first one listed in the pair have the LARGER radius? i. Li+, Liii. Li+, Na+iii. O, O2-iv. Cl-, F-1. ANSWER: IV (follow trends in the periodic table)c. ConcepTest: For which pair of ions and/or atoms does the first one listed in the pair have the SMALLER radius?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Na, Na+ii. Li+, Na+iii. O2-, Oiv. Cl-, F-1. ANSWER: (ii) Li+, Na+d. Trends for ions are the same as atomse. Cations shrink, anions expandII. Chapter Eight Introductiona. Isoelectronic- has the same number of electrons b. ConcepTest: With what atoms are K+ and Br- isoelectronic?i. He, Neii. Ne, Ariii. Ar, Kriv. Kr, Xe 1. ANSWER: Ar, Kr a. REASOING: Because K is +, it has one less electron than normal, and because Br is -, it has one more electron than normalc. ConcepTest: What generic formula would you expect for the ionic compound thatresulted from the reaction of the appropriate number of IA (M) and VA (x) electrons?i. MXii. M3Xiii. MX3iv. M5X1. ANSWER: M3X2. REASOING: cation charges have to equal anion charges. IA forms +1 charges while VA form -3 charges.d. Valence electrons- not in a closed shelle. ConcepTest: Which pair of elements have 1 and 3 valence electrons, respectively? i. He, Nii. Ne, Biii. N, Beiv. Na, B1. ANSWER: Na, B. (Group 1 has 1 valence electron, Group 2 has 2 valence electrons, etc.)f. Valence electrons: outer shell electrons that are transferred or shared in chemical bonding g. Octet rule: element seeks to be surrounded by 8 electronsi. Hydrogen can only have 2 electons (it is 1s) ii. Fluorine (7 electrons) will bond with hydrogen (1 electron)h. ConcepTest: How many electrons appear in the correct Lewis dot structure for molecular nitrogen?i. 5ii. 6iii. 8iv. 101. ANSWER: 102. REASONING: Nitrogen is in Group 5A, so it has 5, but molecular nitrogen is N2, so there will be 10i. Lewis Electron Dot Structuresi. Molecules1. Diatomic with the same atoms2. Diatomic with different atoms3. Polyatomic: water, H20a. Ammonia, NH3ii. Pair electrons= a line= a
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