Chem 1211 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Balancing Equations Outline of Current Lecture I Equilibrium reaction II Aqueous solutions Current Lecture I II Equilibrium reaction a The energy difference between the reactants and products is small b It is reversible Aqueous solutions a Steps i Dissolve reactants ii What happens when a solute dissolves 1 Solute dissolves solvent is what a solute dissolves into 2 For an aqueous solution the solvent is water 3 Ionic compounds form ions b Dissolving Dissolution i On macroscopic level we see ii On microscopic level someone has to tell you iii Compounds after dissolving 1 Ionic compound ions 2 Experiment conductivity iv ConcepTest Which materials give the indicated result when subjected to the conductivity test 1 Sodium acetate dimly lit bulb 2 Table sugar or sucrose unlit bulb 3 Sulfuric acid brightly lit bulb a ANSWER 2 and 3 b Conductivity is determined by whether or not it dissolves is ionic is a strong weak acid base etc v Dissolves These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute III 1 Ionic Compounds NaCl dissolves 2 Molecular Compounds ethanol and sugar dissolve in water a Oil does not related to structure 3 Ka K Li NH4 F I Br2 dissolve vi ConcepTest Which ionic compound containing lead is at least moderately soluble 1 Bromide 2 Sulfate 3 Carbonate a Answer All are insoluble vii Insoluble ions are held together strongly viii ConcepTest Which ionic compound containing silver is at least moderately soluble 1 Bromide 2 Acetate 3 Carbonate a ANSWER Bromide is insoluble silver acetate is moderately soluble and carbonate is insoluble Reactions related to solubility a Format A B soluble C D soluble AD s CB s precipitation b ConcepTest PbF2 s 2 NaCl aq PbCl2 s 2 NaF aq i This is not a precipitation lead II chloride can t form ii Reasoning PbF2 and PbCl2 are not soluble so ions will not swap c Acid base i strong acid sulfuric hydrochloric ii strong base HO group IA iii weak acid organic iv weak base NH3
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