BIOL 213 1th Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. N/A Outline of Current Lecture I. Cell and Molecular biology main pointsII. The Cell Theorya. Every living cell comes from another living cellIII. Pasteur Experimenta. Set up/experimentb. Results of experimentc. Explanation of resultsd. What if Pasteur were wrong?Current LectureI. Cell and Molecular biology main pointsa. Cells are the fundamental units of lifeb. All cells have similar chemistry i. DNA ii. Every single living cell has DNAiii. This supports the cell theory that all cells come from other cellsc. We will understand mechanistic understanding of cellular function and dysfunctioni. Know the processesii. Cellular dysfunction usually indicates some kind of diseaseII. The Cell Theorya. Robert Hooke (1665)i. Looked at a piece of cork under a microscopeii. Saw empty “cells” all throughout the cork1. Named after the cells that monks lived inThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. What he actually saw was dead cell wallsb. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674)i. Invented the high resolution microscope used by Hookeii. Created controversy when he saw sperm in a microscope1. The common thought was that since sperm was the vital life force,it should not be able to be seenc. Schleiden and Schwann proposed two tenets of the cell theory in 1838i. 1) All organisms are composed of one or more cellsii. 2) The cell is the structural unit of life1. They are the smallest living unit (just ignore viruses; usually, they’re considered to be technically not living)iii. Schleiden studied plant cell divisioniv. Schwann studied the nervous system (hence, Schwann cells)v. They had opposing views regarding how life comes to be1. Schleiden believed in spontaneous generation2. Schwann believed in Darwinismd. Virchow proposed the third tenet of the cell theory in 1855i. 3) Cells can only arise from division of preexisting cells1. In other words, cells come from other cellsii. Virchow is know as the father of pathologyIII. Pasteur Experiment (1864)a. Set up/experimenti. Pasteur set up two vials, each containing living material1. One had an open neck, the other was curved so that nothing could get in or outii. He boiled both to kill everything inside1. This is sterilization – kills everything2. Ironically not Pasteurization – kills only some thingsiii. He then incubated both to see if anything grew in eitherb. He found that stuff grew in the open vial, but not the one with the curved neckc. These results were strong support for the germ theory, which states that diseasesare caused by microorganisms, and against the theory of spontaneous generationi. If spontaneous generation were true, something would have grown in thevial with the curved neckii. But since it was closed to the environment, nothing got in, therefore nothing grewd. What if Pasteur were wrong/spontaneous generation were true?i. We would get sick all of the time because bacteria would spontaneously generateii. We wouldn’t be able to sterilize any foodiii. Nothing would be able to be kept sterileiv. Washing our hands would be pointlessv. Diseases wouldn’t be able to be
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