Exam #4 FINAL Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 12Key Terms:Collective Coping- face to face coping, shared with others, memorials and symbols to aid coping. (Ex: 9/11 and Oklahoma City Bombing memorials)Altruistic Community- where there is a heightened degree of internal solidar-ity and an overall sense of altruism, individuals who have lived in their com-munities for a long time and have high levels of community attachment are more likely to provide support to othersCorrosive Community- disaster sets victims apart from rest of community, personal and group friction prohibits resourcefulness and cohesiveness, col-lapse of community capital and rise of distrust, more common following man-made disaster (Ex: Gulf Coast Oil Spill)Web 2.0- term emerged in 2004, conceptual umbrella for marketers/techies/analystsinterested in new generation of internet applications, think blogs/wikis/podcasting, different from “web 1.0,” more participatory/user-centric SOA 240 1st Edi-tionNetizens- got access more than 3 years ago, go online from home everyday, internet part of work and home life, shop/bank online and most avid partici-pants in web activities on average dayVirtual Self- people tend to represent themselves more favorably online/not always fully accurate in real life, may alter how community functions once people meet in person, reality is different from cyber-image, filtering out so-cial cues can impede normal impression developmentUtilitarians- access less than 3 years ago, log on from home every day, com-pared to netizens less intense usage, less likely to shop/bank online, less useful and entertaining to themCollaborative Consumption- swapping/sharing/bartering/trading/renting beingreinvented through latest technologies & peer-to-peer marketplacesNewcomers- access web less than 1 year ago, characteristics of ‘appren-tices,’ play games/chat rooms/info about hobbies, listen/download music, typically can access only in one place (home or work)Linking Social Capital- relationships in which there are norms of respect and networks of trusting relationships, but they are between people who interact across power or authority gradientsCreative Class- over a third of our national workforce (who create for a liv-ing), found in a variety of fields: engineering to theater, biotech to education,architecture to small businessCreative Centers- high concentrations of creative class people, creative eco-nomic outcomes, overall regional vitality, creative people draw diversity of economic opportunitiesCivic Recreation- civic recreation illustrates both what is old and new about contemporary civic engagement, old: using leisure activity to raise money forcharity, new: fitness aspect added into equationHyper Individualism- we have exceeded our ability to balance opportunity with responsibility, affluence isolates us even more, “the more money we have the less we give of ourselves to our community-and it shows”Peak Oil- point in time when max rate of oil extraction is reached, after whichrate of production is expected to enter terminal decline, depletion of earth’s natural capitalDeep Economy- regional (deep) economies: can rationalize resource use (theecological advantage), enliven community and reduce equality (the social advantage)Key Concepts:1. According to Bruhn, what are the 9 common traits of a commu-nity in crisis? 1. break or fracture social networks instantly2. grieving3. sense of being out of control4. pre-disaster predicts post disaster behavior5. utopian mode immediately following disaster, short lived, often replaced by conflict6. minorities/lower socio-economics experience different consequencesthan non-minorities7. not on way process back to normalcy8. arrival of disaster always a shock9. create widespread tension, fear, and rumor10. ? focus usually on victims, but disrupt mostly always impacts broader society2. According to Bruhn, how do disasters change social ties? -place disruptions interfere with how we connect with people, increase bondedness with kin and primary groups, become markers when helping de-fine communities and changing their textures, increase pre-existing inequali-ties, increase resourcefulness and cohesiveness, remain part of lives to be managed, test social networks causing people to inventory resources3. According to Bruhn, what is essential for a community to be able to cope and recover from a disaster? -face to face coping shared with others (collective coping)4. What were the three socioeconomic factors that limited the ability of rural residents in the gulf coast region to access recov-ery resources from both private and public sources? 1. often have a hard time obtaining proper insurance2. less likely to receive low-interest loans3. low education capital, leave many at disadvantage in dealing with complexities of applying for assistance5. Discuss the impacts of the socioeconomic factors on rural and minority resident’s ability to effectively deal with the aftermath ofHurricane Katrina. -lack of trust in dealing with government authorities, limited knowledgeof means of assistance (insurance, gov. aid), general social isolation espe-cially bridging social capital, lack of access to transportation6. What type of community (corrosive or altruistic) was repre-sented by the example of the community impacted by the Gulf Oil Spill and why? -corrosive community; lack of trust with authoritative figures/neighbors7. How is the community response to man-made or technological disasters often different than to a natural disaster? -disasters disrupt established social networks and alter or destroy cul-tural systems, harder to heal from man-made disaster, frayed social ties maynever reconnect8. What were the key failures in response to Hurricane Katrina that were discussed in class? -lack of clear vision and expansive imagination, lack of considerable power to allow resources to be elevated as needed, lack of decisiveness to change cause of events and put value of people over mindsets and interest of bureaucracies9. What factors both encouraged and discouraged the returning of residents to New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina? -encouraged: strong cultural capital pulls people back to New Orleans area, New Orleans had a sense of community and home (ex: mardi gras, NEwOrleans Saints, etc.)-discouraged: lower financial and human capital, fractured social capi-tal networks10. According to Elliott and Pais, what role(s) did race and class play in shaping residents’