Environmental Biology Lecture 31 1 Vertebrates reptiles a Archosaurs Turtles order Testudines b Cool turtles of Alabama i i ii iii Gopher tortoise gopherus polyphemus Longleaf pine 1 2 Keystone species Alligator snapping turtle macrochelys temminckii Largest freshwater turtle in North America 1 Leatherback sea turtle dermochelys coriacea 1 Largest species of turtle c American alligator Southern USA 1 out of 3 species of crocodilian found in USA i ii iii Medium large species iv v Sexual dimorphism Parental care 2 Vertebrates avian reptiles aka birds a Most speciose tetrapod b Modifications for flight i Feathers 1 Keratin ii Wings 1 Forelimbs modified for flight iii Pneumatized skeleton 3 Vertebrates mammals a Class mammalia b Derived characters i Mammary glands Provide nourishment 1 Hair ii 1 Keratin 2 Epidermal in origin c Mammalian lineages i Monotremes 1 Distribution 2 Have cloaca 3 Lay eggs 4 No nipples ii Marsupial a Offspring hatch from eggs 1 Give birth to live young 2 Pouch a Covering over nipple 3 Placenta a Connection to mother 4 Distribution a North American opossum iii Eutherians placental Placental mammals 1 2 Give birth to live young 3 Longer gestation 4 Heaviest and tallest land animals 5 Largest animals ever 6 American black bear ursus americanus a Largest mammal in Alabama
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