Chapter 14 Early Adulthood Social and Emotional I Development II 1 Intimacy versus Isolation A Erikson s Theory Intimacy a b redefining identity c Isolation a b B Social Clock Loneliness Self absorption Strong identity helps 2 Making a permanent commitment to intimate partner Involves giving up some newfound independence 1 Age graded expectations 2 Less rigid 3 Lends confidence contributes to social stability 4 Distress if not following or falling behind C Seasons of Life 1 Levinson s Seasons of Life People shape their lives towards goals they consider most a important b Attraction and Love Forces That Bind Some of Levinson s views outdated by U S standards D b c d a b c d e f g 1 Selecting a Mate Attraction a 1 Physical appearance is a key aspect Most select partners who are similar Gender Differences Cultural Differences E Love 1 What does love mean 2 Sternberg s Triangular Theory of Love Romantic love intimacy passion loves physically and emotionally attracted to each other s but without commitment as in a summer romance Infatuation Passion alone passionate obsessive love at first sight without intimacy or commitment Fatuous love passion commitment commitment based on passion but without time for intimacy to develop shallow relationship such as a whirlwind courtship Empty love commitment alone commitment to remain together without intimacy or passion Companionate love intimacy commitment long term committed friendship such as a marriage in which the passion has faded Liking intimacy alone true friendships without passion or long term commitment Consummate love intimacy passion commitment 3 The role of Jealousy Partners can become jealous if they are not at the same a levels of passion intimacy and commitment F Loneliness 1 Loneliness a Increases when peer relationships replace family ties b c a b 2 a b Low self confidence depression introversion etc 1 Social support helps Social isolation risks 1 Health problems low empathy poor social skills G Friendship Single Life Cohabitation 1 Gender and Friendship Same Sex Friendships 1 2 Gender differences Individual differences Other Sex Friendships 1 Benefits of both genders 3 Fewer shorter lasting than same sex Sexual attraction must be considered 2 The Single Life Increasing Gender Differences 1 2 3 1 3 Males Females 8 10 will be single for life c Ethnic Differences 1 African Americans tend to stay single longer d Stressful Periods 1 3 Cohabitation POSSLQ When everyone is having kids getting married a POSSLQ People of the Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters 1 2 b Unmarried sexually intimate living together Increased 900 since 1970 Highly likelihood of marrying but a 40 to 90 risk Outcomes 1 of divorce 2 resolution less religious more liberal less likely to join finances Cohabiting are less committed less conflict Financial reasons kids trial marriage substitute Reasons 1 marriage c a H Marriage Tying the Knot 1 Trends in Marriage Trends in Marriage 1 2 3 We re getting married at older ages now Less people are getting married Majority of people will say they are pro marriage Legalization of Same Sex marriage Legalization of ethnically mixed religiously mixed 4 5 marriages Don t want to be alone sexual relationships raising Why We Marry 1 children transmits wealth sense of security because it s expected Types of Marriages 1 Who We Marry 1 2 Marital Satisfaction Monogamy arranged polygamy egalitarian We tend to marry people who are similar to us Affects physical and psychological health Associated with career satisfaction Decreases with the birth of child b c d a b c III Parenthood A Options in Parenthood 1 Childlessness a Voluntary Involuntary b Step Parenting 2 B Single Parents Gay and Lesbian Parents 3 4 Career Development in Early Adulthood 1 2 3 Disappointment near start of career is common Adjust expectations to opportunities to advance Self efficacy mentoring affect adjustment success C Work Family Balance 1 2 3 Dual earner marriages Role overload common problem Workplace supports can help