Chapter 14 Conventional and Complementary Medicine 47 Define the following medical doctor doctor of osteopathic medicine podiatrists optometrists dentists registered nurse physical therapist social worker registered dietitians physician assistant nurse practitioner Medical Doctor MD An independent practitioner who holds a doctor of medicine degree from an accredited medical school Doctor of Osteopathic medicine DO Independent medical practitioner who has graduated from an osteopathic medical school osteopathy incorporates the theories and practices of scientific medicine and includes osteopathic manual therapy Podiatrist A practitioner who holds a Dr of podiatric medicine degree DPM and specializes in the medicine and surgical case of feet Optometrist A practitioner who holds a Dr of optometry degree OD and is trained to examine the eyes detect eye diseases and prescribe corrective lenses Dentist Practitioner who holds a Dr of medicinal dentistry DMD or dr of dental surgery degree DDS and who specializes in the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries of teeth mouth and jaws Registered nurse RN a nurse who has graduated from a nursing program and has passed a national licensing exam to obtain a nursing license Physical therapist PT help injured or ill people improve their movement and manage their pain These therapists are often an important part of rehabilitation and treatment of patients with chronic conditions or injuries Social worker MSW help people solve and cope with problems in their everyday lives Registered dietitians RD Dietitians and nutritionists are experts in food and nutrition They advise people on what to eat in order to lead a healthy lifestyle or achieve a specific health related goal Physician assistant PA practice medicine on a team under the supervision of physicians and surgeons They are formally educated to examine patients diagnose injuries and illnesses and provide treatment Nurse practitioner NP A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse RN who has additional education and training in a specialty area such as family practice or pediatrics 48 Define holistic Practice that takes into account the whole person body mind spirit when assessing treating and preventing illnesses and maintaining health 49 Discuss the following 5 domains of complementary and alternative medicine CAM Alternative medical systems chinese medicine herbs acupuncture homeopathy naturopathy mind body connections stress mgt meditation yoga visualization tai chi bio feedback natural products botanicals herbs animal extracts dietary supplements manipulative and body based touch manual healing chiropractic massage stretching strength training energy therapies qigong touch bio electromag Alternative Medical systems Traditional Chinese medicine TCM Traditional medical system of china which views illness as the result of a problem in the quality quantity or flow of qi the force of life therapies include acupuncture and herbal meds o Herbal remedies medicine prepared from plants o Acupuncture insertion of thin needles through the skin at points along the meridians pathways through which qi is believed to flow Homeopathy Alt medical system that uses a holistic approach to diagnosis and treatment that involves administering very small doses of remedies that would produce symptoms like those of the illness in larger doses Like cures like Naturopathy Alt medical system based on supporting the bodies ability to heal itself and maintain optimal healthy by removing barriers and creating healing internal and external environments Mind body Intervention Mind and body connect Stress management Meditation yoga Visualization Tai Chi Bio feedback Placebo Nocebo control group Hypnosis Natural products Consists of o Dietary supplements Do not have to be FDA approved Must write letter Buyer beware o Herbal therapies or remedies o Animal tissue extracts Safety concerns Ex garlic peppermint Manipulative and body based practices Touch and body manipulative Manual healing o Misalignment or dysfunction in a body part Chiropractic Massage therapy Stretching Strength training Exercise training aerobic Energy therapies Forms of treatment that use energy originating either within the body biofields or around the body electromagnetic field Qigong combination of movement meditation breathing regulation to enhance the flow of qi Therapeutic touch identify and correct via touch Bioelectromagnetic based therapies o Use of electromagnetic fields to promote healing 50 Define complementary alternative and integrative medicine Provide several examples of each Conventional medicine a system of medicine based on the application of the scientific method diseases are thought to be caused by an identifiable physical factor and characterized by a representative set of signs and symptoms Mainstream health care and medical practices taught in the U S DO MD PA PT etc Complementary medicine unconventional medical practice that are used together with conventional ones Holistic Alternative medicine unconventional medical practices that are used instead of conventional methods Traditional chinese medicine herbal remedies acupuncture Integrative medicine conventional health care practice that is sometimes augmented by unconventional CAM modalities 52 What is the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine NCCAM what do they do Complementary alternative integrative health Their mission is to define through rigorous scientific investigation the usefulness and safety of complementary and alternative medicine interventions and their roles in improving health and health care The Center s vision is that scientific evidence informs decision making by the public by health care professionals and by health policymakers regarding use and integration of these approaches 53 Provide specific examples of how you as a consumer or clinician can use the NCCAM Ex Advice on supplements omega 3 Taking a pill is not as effective as getting it from fish 54 What is evidence based medicine Decision making by emphasizing the use of evidence from well designed conducted and interpretation of data Ie western medicine 55 What are the two ways of obtaining FDA approval for getting a supplement to market Writing a letter 56 What must the FDA do to get a supplement taken off the market If enough evidence of harm is brought about by the supplement then the product will be taken off the shelf 57 Define placebo What role does placebo have in