1 Late Adulthood Physical and Cognitive Development a Physical Development i Life expectancy 1 Life expectancy 78 2 Contributing Factors better food cleanliness medical treatments technology etc 3 Increase better medicines and vaccinations ii Functional Age iii Quality of Life 1 Actual competence and performance 2 May not match chronological age 1 Activities of Daily Living basic self care tasks 2 Instrumental Activities of Daily Living vacuuming paying the bills taking care of the home iv Sensory Changes 1 Vision Problems cataracts glaucoma 2 Hearing Loss losing sounds of high frequencies and soft sounds 3 Decreased taste and smell decreases almost nine times and decrease in taste due to the loss of taste buds 4 Less sensitive touch v Physical Appearance and Mobility 1 Changes in skin hair and teeth 2 Lose height and weight after 60 3 Muscle and bone strength declines 4 Less flexibility vi Nutrition in Late Adulthood 1 Need extra nutrients 2 Problems eating 3 Supplements diet changes may help vii Exercise in Late Adulthood 1 Continued exercise best but never too late to start 2 Benefits physical emotional cognitive etc 3 Barriers lack of knowledge or excuses viii Sexuality in Late Adulthood 1 Still Important the feeling of being loved and wanted 2 Continue patterns from earlier years 3 Enjoy activities other than intercourse b Theories of Aging i Programmed Theories 1 Cellular Clock cells divide a certain amount of times and then that cell dies 2 Hormonal Stress Hormonal changes are responsible for changes like puberty and menopause which leaves the body more available for disease 3 Immunological the immune system is set to decline as you get older ii Cellular Damage Theories 1 Wear and tear Over time bodies are less capable of repairing itself 2 Free radical accumulation of unstable molecules attribute to damage of the body which causes aging faster and being more vulnerable to disease 3 Cross linking Our cell proteins bind and toughens tissues stiffening tissues throughout the body a Health Concerns and Aging i Health Concerns and Aging 1 Heart Disease Cancer and Stroke Three leading causes of death for people in late adulthood 2 Arthritis Substance Misuse or Abuse and Accidents ii Mental Disabilities in Late Adulthood 1 Dementia thought and behavior impairments that disrupt everyday life Not a consequence of aging Causes infection chronic alcoholism strokes tumors Alzheimer s disease Cognitive Development i Language Processing in Late Adulthood 1 Comprehension changes very little 2 Problems retrieving specific words 3 Problems planning what to say 4 Compensation ii Lifelong Learning 1 Educational participation increasing 2 Many benefits