HSC4711 Exam3 Chapter 7 Drug Abuse and Addiction 79 Define the following terms addictive behavior addiction tolerance intoxication withdrawal physical dependence substance dependence dose response function time action function euphoria depressant sedation tranquilizer stimulant codependency tolerance A Addictive behavior Any Habit that has gotten out of control resulting in a negative effect on ones health B Addiction Psychological physical dependence on a substance or behavior characterized by a compulsive desire and increasing need for substance or behavior and by to individual and or society C Tolerance A physical State in which the body adapts to a drug so that the initial dose no longer produces the original emotional or psychological response D Intoxication The state of being mentally affected by a chemical literally a state of being poisoned E Withdrawal Physical and psychological symptoms that follow the interrupted use of a drug on which the user is physically dependent symptoms may be mild or life threatening F Physical dependence The result of physiological adaptation that occurs in response to the frequent presence of a drug typically associated with tolerance and withdrawal G Substance dependence A cluster of cognitive behavioral and physiological symptoms that occur in someone who continues to use substance despite suffering significant substance relates problems leading to significant impairment or stress also known as addiction H I Dose response function The relationship between the amount of a drug taken and the intensity and type of resulting effect Time action function the relationship between the time elapsed since a drug was taken and the intensity of its effect J Euphoria An exaggerated feeling of well being K Depressant A drug that decreases nervous or muscular activity causing drowsiness or sleep L Sedation The induction of a calm relaxed often sleepy state M Tranquilizer A CNS depressant that reduces tension and anxiety N Stimulant A drug that increases nervous or muscular activity O Codependency A relationship in which a non substance abusing partner or family member is controlled by the abuser s behavior codependent people frequently engage in enabling behaviors 80 What is an addiction and what is an addictive behavior A Addiction anything that can cause physical and physiological changes in the body Drugs or actions Sex etc B Addictive behavior is the erratic behavior leading up to a repeat of whatever the addiction is 81 What are the 5 traits characteristics that help to distinguish between a habit and an addiction A Reinforcement produces pleasurable physical or emotional states or relieves negative ones B Compulsion or craving a strong need or compulsion to engage in the behavior often characterized C Loss of control Addict loses control over the behavior and cannot block the impulse to do it D Escalation More and more of the Substance or activity is required to produce the effect tolerance is by planning being built E Negative consequences Behavior continues despite serious negative consequences such as problems with academic performance job personal relationships health legal or financial troubles 82 Provide example of what may be harmless behaviors but turn into or become addictive behaviors A Eating watching TV Video Games 83 Explain briefly the development of addiction and how the behavior turns from bringing pleasure to avoiding withdrawal The Addictions starts when the individual does something to bring pleasure or avoid pain if the activity works the person is likely to repeat the action The individual becomes increasingly dependent on the behavior and tolerance may develop so the behavior must be repeated ore often to produce the same effect Soon the behavior no longer brings pleasure but must be done to avoid pain The behavior that started out innocently has now become a prison for the individual 84 Provide examples of common addictive behaviors A Compulsive Gambling Poker blackjack lottery vegas etc B Compulsive Exercising C Work Addiction D Sex and Love addiction E Compulsive buying or shopping F Internet Addiction 85 What role does addiction have with stressors stress response and stress mgt strategies A Improper stress management skills may lead to addiction to avoid the feelings stressors or stress can have on the body stress management that Is healthy and sustainable that does not cause addiction is essential to avoiding addiction in the first place ie using alcohol to relax at the end of the day you will soon need more and more of it to have the same effect it initially had on you and soon an addiction is built that can manifest into serious life problems 86 What is the American Psychiatric Assoc APA criteria for substance dependence A Abuse by the APA effects of the drug B Recurrent use resulting in failure to fulfill major responsibilities at work school or home C Recurrent drug use in situations in which it is physically hazardous such as before or while driving D Continued drug use despite persistent social or interpersonal problems caused or worsened by the 87 What are the concerns by society with casual or recreational drug use A The cost of drug abuse is 181 billion dollars combined with alcohol and tobacco use its 500 billion dollars a year 1 7 million arrests are made each year of illegal substances drug violations responsible for 800 000 emergency room admissions and 20 000 deaths each year 88 What are risk factors for potential drug use A There are many risk factors that may increase the risk of addiction regardless of a person s upbringing or moral code While the risk factors for a drug addiction may differ from say those for a sex or gambling problem there tend to be many factors that combine to increase overall chances of addiction B Genetics Environment C a person with a dual diagnosis is someone who has an addiction and a mental health disorder like depression D Drug of Choice some drugs have different addiction rates and strength 89 What are the 6 classifications of psychoactive drugs How are they used What are their effects A Opioids Use Injected smoked snorted swallowed Effects Relief of anxiety and pain euphoria lethargy apathy drowsiness confusion inability to concentrate nausea constipation respiratory depression slowed Breathing B CNS Depressants Use Swallowed injected effects Reduced anxiety mood changes lowered inhibitions impaired muscle coordination reduced pulse rate drowsiness loss of consciousness