Models of Abnormality Chapter 3 Theme A Biological Model Psychological abnormality illness brought about by malfunctioning parts of organism 5 major lines of explanations are Brain anatomy ex overactive amygdala you might be overly sensitive to danger prefrontal communicates safety to amygdala might cause probs brain chemistry genetic abnormalities all psych disorders have some sort of genetic component twin studies even if they grow up in different environments twin is more likely to have it evolution viral infections Treatment in Bio model goal is to pinpoint physical source of dysfunction drug therapy electroconvulsive therapy ECT psychosurgery lobotomy trephination Strengths Weakness has respect lots of research and new info treatments bring relief too simplistic environment matters in psycho disorders even though genetics are the same shown from twin studies negative side effects B Psychodynamic Model Famous Freud s model Person s behavior is determined by underlying dynamic psycho forces of which they aren t aware 3 unconscious forces Conflict b w forces Sexual repression large portion of model might be considered untestable not really a theory C Behavioral Model John Watson lives are basically deterministic based on our upbringing Limitations i e take into account people with schizo did your upbringing cause it Most likely not our behaviors are a result of our experiences Deterministic model Environmental factors Learning theory Operant Conditioning Modeling Classical Conditioning Pavlov s dogs pairing action with reward kid getting bitten by a dog might have phobia of dogs extinction things are no longer paired in treatment for phobia patient exposed to fear in an environment that doesn t have harm Got so much attention because it came as backlash to psychodynamic model only thing that matters is research and support D Cognitive Model Cognitive processes help us understand abnormal functioning need to know assumptions attitudes and thoughts faulty thinking causes problems Cognitive therapy develop new functional ways of thinking Aaron Beck s cognitive therapy psychiatrist that found people have untrue thoughts about themselves depression worthless etc recognize and restructure thinking start to evaluate your thoughts then decide if they are meaningful helpful E Humanistic Existential Model H people strive for self actualization find meaning and strive to fulfill it E focus on authenticity emphasis on self determination Roger s H theory therapy is client centered unconditional positive regard genuine accurate empathy Gestalt Theory Therapy Fritz Perls self frustration self recognition through patient challenging techniques look up Fritz and patient Gloria calls her a phony look into therapy model