Pre lecture Quiz 1 1 What is meant by the term in born error of metabolism Are rare genetic disorders in which the body cannot properly turn food into energy 2 Differentiate between autosomal and sex linked inheritance Autosomal the gene responsible for the phenotype is located on one of the 22 pairs of autosomes non sex determining Sex linked the gene that encodes for the trait is located on the X chromosome 3 Differentiate between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance Dominant conditions that are manifest in heterozygotes individuals with just one copy of the mutant allele Recessive conditions are only manifest in homozygous individuals who have two copies of the mutant allele 4 Define mosaicism A condition in which cells within the same person have different genetic makeup caused by an error in cell division early in the development of unborn baby 5 What disease s are Down s Syndrome individuals at higher risk of developing Inherit only one working copy either from mother or father and other gene is silenced 7 Differentiate between benign and malignant tumors Alzheimer s leukemia infections 6 Define genomic imprinting Malignant cancerous Benign non cancerous 8 Define cachexia Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness 9 How are malignant cancers named Based on type of tissue cancer originates by primary site where cancer developed 10 How is cancer staged 1 cancer is relatively small and contained within the organ it started 2 cancer has not started to spread into surrounding tissue but the tumor is larger than in stage 1 may have spread to lymph nodes 3 cancer is larger may have spread to surrounding tissues 4 cancer has spread from where it started to another body organ T Size stage 1 4 N lymph node involvement stage 1 3 M whether it has spread to different parts of the body or not stage 0 1
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