Sociology Chapter 4 Socialization is a lifelong process Social self The perceptions we have of who we are Interaction Basic building block of socialization shapes who we are Sociobiology Claims genetic makeup wires us for social reaction Nature vs nurture Organizations depend on socialized people to help the group persist Structural Functional Different social agents support another Con ict Different social agents con ict each other Self Perceptions we have of who we are developed from how people respond to us Begins in infancy Charles Horton Cooley Looking Glass Self How we look to others How others evaluate us Helps us develop feelings for ourselves Can create a false sense of self George Herbert Mead The Social Self Is created Changes throughout life Sets us apart Developed and modi ed by interaction Not born knowing who we are Parts of the self I Spontaneous impulsive Me Knows the rules of the society and stops the impulse of the I Preparatory stage imitate Play stage Pretend Game stage Learn social positions of those around them Theory of the self Focused on the self Signi cant others hold importance and are signi cant to development Rite of passages Agents of socialization Family School Peer group Work place The state secondary impact Without socialization we would not act human or have culture Feral Children who have been extremely socially isolated Resocialization Dramatic change in a persons beliefs values and behaviors Occurs in total institutions total control over residents lives which takes away identity and subjects residents to harsh treatment Agents can by formal or informal Importance of certain agents changes over life course Families Use positive and negative sanctions Amount and types of sanctions differ by family Socialization differs by culture Social class Wealth power and prestige ranking of members in society Parents socialize children to enter adult roles common to other members of the social class Unequal distribution of resources in society has an impact on who we become Transnationalism Immigration of families or individuals who have national loyalty to more than one country Children being socialized to live in a globalized world Global events can cause one to turn away from tolerance Socialization of citizens are in uenced by events at the macro level whether national or global Dramaturgy Goffman s major concept Impression management technique used to maintain and manage impressions Front stage Public works in xed general ways Back stage Private informal not all facts are given Criticism frame analysis World is not a stage has limitations Status Role Position person occupies in society Role con ict Person has competing demands on two or more roles Role strain Person performing roles has t deal with competing demands on that role Ex Principal keeping both staff and students happy Social ill violence against women Requires new patterns of socialization Blogs are a new method of socialization Bureaucracy Society that follows strict rules and laws Meritocracy Enter a bureaucracy voluntarily using merit