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Sociology Chapter 6 Deviance Violation of ever changing social norms Crime Deviance with formal penalties imposed by society Deviance is socially constructed Social control Ways in which society tries to prevent or sanction behavior that violates norms Consensus crimes When members of society are in agreement about the seriousness of deviant acts According to Durkheim a society without deviance is impossible Normal part of society Some people are more likely to commit deviance than others Opportunities Environment Race ethnicity gender age Deviance is relative in space and time Normal people in uenced by their environment to violate norms Analyzed by functionalist con ict and symbolic Functionalism contribute to high crime rates Focus on ethnic subcultures Anomie and social disorganization Social ecology Social and physical characteristics of urban neighborhoods Strain theory caused by failure to achieve American goal of nancial success through conventional means of working Can cause deviant behavior Conformity innovation ritualism retreatism rebellion Con ict theory deviance is a result of social inequality Power perspective Social status perspective Feminist theory Abuses suffered by women are rooted in the patriarchal capitalist system Theoretical perspectives Rational choice theory Positive and negative sanctions Bonds encourage us to adhere to norms Attachment commitment involvement belief Internal controls and external controls Increasing alienation forcing increased interaction with deviant peers Deviance become a self ful lling prophecy Primary deviance and secondary deviance Labeling theory behavior is only deviant because it is labeled as such Crime seems most threatening to us and gets most media and government attention Type 1 and type 2 Organized crime criminal enterprises with the goal of personal economic gains through illegitimate means Transnational Across different nations White collar crime due to greed absence of regulations governing conduct and weak punishment Terrorism violence perpetrated to instill terror and in uence an audience Can be religious state sponsored left wing right wing or nationalist World systems perspective Internet has lead to a rise of global crime US prison population grew 700 from 1970 to 2005 and was caused by radicalized politics


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UNLV SOC 101 - Sociology Chapter 6

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