EM EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 1 History of EM What are the objectives Early Motivations and characteristics of EM and how have they changed over the years WWI WWII Civil Defense Nuclear Preparedness Population Protection 1958 50 match to state and locals Evolvement of Dual Use All hazards Comprehensive EM Growing Local State Federal Partnership Growing emphasis on mitigation and preparedness Professionalization and Standardization Homeland Security 2 Term Dual Use and what does it mean system that protects life and property of the U S citizen from attack and natural disaster As long as it is consistent with contributes to and does not detract from attack preparedness 3 Know when FEMA was created and by whom assistance end duplicate costs and consolidate federal functions and policy Created by President Carter in 1979 Objectives Establish a single entity improve EM and 4 Principle Federal Authority for Disaster Relief Stafford Act Robert T Stafford Disaster Relief and EM as amended Original act of May 22 1974 Amended by Act of November 23 1988 and again December 3 1993 Provision a refinement of the definition of emergency expansion of the disaster relief act of 1950 expansion of responsibilities obligations of public institutions mitigation and preparedness who does what when 5 Homeland security Presidential Directive HSPD Objects and goals also For all levels of government to work efficiently and effectively together Provide seamless integration of resources and capabilities Provide a common lexicon and systems for horizontal and vertical integration Establish networks and systems for effective communication Full integration of crisis and consequence management Mandates development of the NRP and the NIMS Fundamentals lectures 1 The goals of EM Save lives Prevent Injuries and Protect property and the environment if an emergency occurs 2 Difference between emergency and disaster Emergency a dangerous event that normally can be managed at the local level Disaster a dangerous event that causes significant human and economic loss and demands a crisis response beyond the scope of any single agency or jurisdiction 3 Know the 4 phases of EM and describe them with examples Mitigation Occur before the emergency or disaster Eliminate reduce the probability of occurrence Include actions to postpone dissipate or lessen the effect Preparedness Minimize disaster damage Enhance disaster response operations Prepare organizations and individuals to respond Response Provide emergency assistance Reduce probability of additional injuries or damage Speed recovery operations Recovery Return systems to normal levels Short Term Vital systems approximately two weeks Long Term Stabilizes all systems can take years 4 Brand new presidential number 8 5 mission areas the new one 3 same 2 new Under New 2011 National Preparedness Goal HSPD 8 3 Core capabilities Planning Public Information and Warning Operational Coordination Span 5 Mission Areas Prevention Protection Mitigation Response Recovery 5 What intergraded comprehensive emergency management What does that entails Incorporates all available resources a Requires a functional approach to planning all functions b c Considers a full range of disasters all hazards d Addresses all phases of emergency management e Incorporates all levels of government non profits and the private sector Mends and ICA 1 Incident Command System What is it A set of personnel policies procedures facilities and equipment integrated into a common organizational structure designed to improve emergency response operations of all types and complexities 2 California Wildfire 1970 huge wild fire in California Lost lives blds destroyed Diff fire departments responded There were some problems and came up with FIRESCOPE From this event incident Command System ICS came about Raised Congressional Awareness 3 Recognize or draw the ICS Organization Chart Basic Incident Commander PPIO Safety Officer LLiaison Officer Planning Operations Logistics Finance Admin 4 Basic roles of ppl in chart slides 21 30 ICS PP Planning Gathers Information about the incident and makes sure that everybody knows about it Getting and maintaining the info and get it out there ex sees the weather and thinks what is best Sets regulations or rules based on the information gathered Operations Implements the priorities Implements the strgetory of the planning section Get the job done ex Direct everything tell the firefighters where to go to get the fire off Logistics People that gets stuff Folks that get it for you ex helicopter tools etc Finance Adminstration Administrate the money and responsible for the ones who gets paid Keep all the papers Pay the bills HR 5 What ESF stands for Emergency Support Functions ESF Functions that need to happen in disasters Rescue Communication Health logistics assessments planning transportation etc sometimes one agency does all functions or multiple agencies ALL IS SUMMED UP BY HEALTH AND MEDICAL Schinder slide 1 Difference between Beucratic and emergent norms Bureaucratic Norms SOP s Routine Polices Institutionalized Processes Emergent Norms Emerging behaviors or patterns that provide guidance and meaning to the affected population 2 3 implimentation patterns Which one is the best for the US Bottom up Confused Top Down 3 List collective behavior Milling widespread search for meaning and appropriate standards of behavior Most pronounced when there are inadequate institutionalized procedures Rumors Looking elsewhere for information if they do not receive it from authorities has both negative and positive sides Keynoting Selection of rumors and elimination of others Provides potential direction may help end milling Emergent Norms Dominant symbols and ideas that emerge from keynoting May be acceptable temporary guides for human interaction during disaster 4 Some legal duties of EManager Set up an emergency or disaster management agency Specify state and local organization roles in responding to disasters Assign executive authority to declare a state of emergency Explain special executive powers that result from such a declaration Allow cooperation in the form of mutual aid with neighboring jurisdictions 5 Talk a little about human behavior during disaster and myths and what is true Tonights lecture 1 Physical and social vurnability What s under each one Physical Human vulnerability Agriculture vulnerability Structural vulnerability Social capacity to anticipate cope with resist and recover from the