AAR which captures observations and recommendations based on the exercise objectives as associated with the capabilities and tasks AAR After Action Report IP Improvement Plan IP which identifies specific corrective actions assigns them to responsible parties and establishes targets for their completion The lead evaluator and the exercise planning team draft the AAR and submit it to conference participants prior to an After Action Conference 4 saved for every 1 spent National Institute of Building Sciences EM Message in a Crisis must be STARCC Principle Remember the 5Ws and 1 H Simple Timely Accurate Relevant Credible Consistent Who What When Where Why How The PIO Public Information Officer A PIO is a Central contact Planner pro active and crisis o o o o o Writer Coordinator Agency Community representative PIO Duties in an emergency Collects verifies and disseminates emergency information to the public that can help them make protection recovery decisions Collect verify and disseminate information Understand and accommodate the needs of the media Keep lines of communication open in your agency Assume responsibilities in the EOC Command Post City Hall JIC etc Highlight behind the scene players in follow up and in depth stories o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Before a news conference Develop and coordinate message Confirm participants Select site Inform media of time and place Prepare facility Set up visuals Prepare press kits and or other material Brief participants Script and hold to 15 20 minutes During a news conference Greet media Coordinate movements of speakers media and invited guests Intercede if questions get out of control Keep the conference on schedule After a news conference Debrief participants Determine if further conferences are needed o Monitor media s coverage Follow up with media as needed Spokesperson An individual representing the organization who has Knowledge Authority Community Trust with the media and the public How to prepare the spokesperson A JIC is a joint location for all disaster response agencies and their PIOs with mutually agreed upon plan for information dissemination Help him her develop key messages Assist him her in building strong interview skills Provide tips for differing media types Provide suggestions on how to dress Joint Information Center JIC One stop shop o One location one message Coordination of PIO resources o Multiple levels of government Management of misinformation An Exercise Reveals shortfalls Enhances coordination and control Defines responsibilities tasks Trains personnel Promotes program Types of Exercise Discussion Based Seminars o o Workshops o Games o Tabletops Operations Based Drills Functionals Full Scales o o o Discussion Based Exercises These types of exercises Provide a forum for discussing or developing plans agreements training and procedures Are generally less complicated that operations based types Typically focus on strategic policy oriented issues Include seminars workshops tabletops and games Do not involve deployment of resources A seminar is an informal discussion designed to orient participants to new or updated plans policies or procedures e g a seminar to review a new Evacuation Standard Operating Procedure Operations Based Exercises These types of exercises Involve deployment of resources and personnel Are more complex than discussion based types Require execution of plans policies agreements and procedures Clarify roles and responsibilities Improve individual and team performances Include drills and both functional and full scale exercises Seminars Informal Discussion Presentation Style o o o Delivers o o o New Information Awareness New Roles Capabilities Workshops Collecting or sharing information o Building a process or product Obtaining new or different perspectives Testing new ideas processes procedures Training groups to perform coordinated activities Problem solving complex issues Obtaining consensus and team building Games Hypothetical situations steered by player actions Play unfolds contingent on player decisions Competitive environment rapid feedback Practice group problem solving teamwork A workshop resembles a seminar but is employed to build specific products such as a draft plan or policy e g a Training and Exercise Plan Workshop is used to develop a Multi year Training and Exercise Plan Helps explore possible future scenarios Consequences of player actions are demonstrated Games A game is a simulation of operations that often involves two or more teams usually in a competitive environment using rules data and procedure designed to depict an actual or assumed real life situation A tabletop exercise involves key personnel discussing simulated scenarios in an informal setting TTXs can be used to assess plans policies and procedures A drill is a coordinated supervised activity usually employed to test a single specific operation or function within a single entity e g a fire department conducts a decontamination drill Tabletops Style Delivers Low Stress Informal Discussion Scenario Driven Slow paced problem solving Plan Review Clarified Roles Improved Coordination Drills Style Delivers Physical Activity Task Oriented Single Function Sequential Process Focused Training Functionals Style Realistic Stressful o Multi Functional Communications Driven Delivers Total Team Training Decision Processes o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o A functional exercise examines and or validates the coordination command and control between various multi agency coordination centers e g emergency operation center joint field office etc A functional exercise does not involve any boots on the ground i e first responders or emergency officials responding to an incident in real time A full scale exercise is a multi agency multi jurisdictional multi discipline exercise involving functional e g joint field office emergency operation centers etc and boots on the ground response e g firefighters decontaminating mock victims o Coordinated Response Full Scales Style Delivers o o o o o o High Realism High Stress Field Operational Driven Systems Integration Total Involvement Total Assessment Exercise Design Assessing exercise needs Defining the scope of the exercise Writing a statement of purpose Defining exercise objectives Creating a scenario for the exercise Exercise Development Creating exercise documentation Arranging logistics actors and safety Coordinating participants and media HSEEP Homeland Security