Terms Ch 7 03 03 2014 Aphasia without language Hyperfluent speech rapid speech with few pauses Concomitant Deficits Hemiparesis weakness on one side Hemiplegia paralysis on one side Hemisensory impairment loss of ability to perceive sensory info Hemianopsia affects ability to read Dysphagia drooling or gagging Agnosia sensory deficit makes it difficult to understand incoming sensory info may be specific to auditory or visual info Agrammatism omission of unstressed words telegraphic speech Agraphia difficulty writing Alexia reading problems Anomia difficulty naming entities Jargon meaningless or irrelevant speech with typical intonational patterns confidently Neologism novel word may create words and use them Paraphasia word and phoneme substitutions Verbal stereotype an expression repeated over and over Fluent Aphasia Wernicke s o Impaired to poor speech comprehension o Verbal paraphasia jargon o Impaired reading comprehension o Impaired to poor naming o Impaired to poor speech repetition Anomic o Mild to moderately impaired speech comprehension o Word retrieval and misnaming good syntax and articulation o Good reading comprehension o Severly impaired in both speech and writing naming o Poor speech repetition Conduction o Mildly impaired to good speech comprehension o Paraphasia and incorrect ordering with frequent self correction attempts good articulation and syntax o Good reading comprehension o Usually impaired naming o Poor speech repetition Nonfluent Aphasia Broca s o Speech comprehension is relatively good o Short sentences agrammatism slow labored with articulation and phonological errors o Unimpaired to poor reading comprehension o Poor naming o Poor speech repetition Transcortical motor o Mildly impaired speech comprehension o Impaired labored difficulty initiating syntactic errors o Unimpaired to poor reading comprehension o Impaired naming o Good speech repetition Global or mixed comprehension o Poor limited to single words or short phrases speech o Limited spontaneous ability of a few words or stereotypes o Poor reading comprehension o Poor naming o Poor limited to single words or short phases Causes of Aphasia Stroke or cerebrovascular accident o Most common cause of aphasia 3rd leading cause of death o Lesion or injury leaves an area of the brain unable to function as it has before o Types of strokes Ischemic results from complete or partial blockage of the arteries transporting blood to the brain as in the cerebral arteriosclerosis thickening of the embolism obstruction of blood flow caused by walls blood clot and thrombosis blood flow is blocked due to plaque build up or a blood clot that is formed and does not travel Transient ischemic attack temporary condition whose symptoms mirror those of a stroke occurs when blow flood to some portion of the brain is blocked or Hemorrhagic stroke weakened arterial wall burst reduced under pressure Aneurysm saclike bulging in a weakened artery Arteriovenous malformation consists of poorly formed tangle of arteries and veins that may occur in a highly viscous organ such as the brain Primary progressive aphasia o Degenerative disorder of language with preservation of other mental functions and of activities of daily living Edema swelling due to increased fluid which can lead to increased Infarction death of tissue deprived of blood supply Hematoma focal bleeding Traumatic Brain Injury pressure Intervention Cognitive rehabilitation a treatment regimen designed to increase functional abilities for everyday life by improving the capacity to process incoming information o Restorative approach attempts to rebuild neural circuitry function through repetitive activities o Compensatory approach concedes that some functions will not be covered and develops alternatives Dementia syndromes Umbrella term for a group of both pathological conditions and Acquired Characterized by intellectual decline due to neurogenic causes Alzheimer s Disease Cortical pathology Primarily impaired in memory language or visuospatial skills 03 03 2014 03 03 2014
View Full Document
Unlocking...