Law Enforcement Test #5 Study Guide Chapter 11: Stress-The Occupational Scourge? Defining Stresso Hans Selye contends that stress is “the ____of the body to any demand made upon it.” “nonspecific response”o Grencik states that stress “occurs when a person ____that he is unable to cope with the demands made upon him and when the consequences of this inability to cope are threatening”. Perceive o What is one important feature of some definitions of stress? Stress affects different people in various ways o This recognition of ____leads to a definition that focuses on one’s ___. “Only if the individual ___ that social demands cannot be adequately handled” Individuality; perception; perceives o Some writers prefer the term ____to refer to the situation in which there is a “loss of enthusiasm, excitement, and a sense of mission in one’s work”. “burnout” o Burnout occurs when there is a constant disjunction between job __ and worker ___. Demands; resources Types of Stresso What are the two types of stress? Eustress and Distresso ___is the good stress and has positive benefits for the individual. Eustress• For example: a training segment where the goal is to imprint good survival habits so they can react efficiently and effectivelyo ____is the bad stress and carries negative results. Distress• Develops as a person becomes more and more engulfed in his or her occupational role The Stress Reaction Cycleo The patterned response in which stress reacts in a very predictable way is called what? The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)o What are the three stages of the GAS? Alarm reaction Stage; resistance stage ; exhaustion stageo The perception of some stressful condition or event triggers the ___. Alarm reaction stage o How does the body respond to a threat? Accelerates the production of certain hormones and chemicals Stimulates the sympathetic system heart beats faster, breathing becomes quickero What happens in the resistance stage? Body steps up hormone production to correspond to the level of threat or attacko In the Exhaustion stage what happens to the body? Physical reserves must recuperate and get replenished in order to rejuvenate the body proper nutritionsleep and relaxationo Those who undergo eustress travel through all three stages of the cycle. However upon reaching the exhaustion stage what do they experience? A welcomed rest periodo Under distress, the rest period during the exhaustion stage is different. Why? These people do not have a chance to recuperate. There is not a sufficient rest period between episodes for the body to repair itself.o Therefore, it is the ________from the exhaustion stage that places an inordinate demand on the body. Inability to RECUPERATE sufficiently Sources of Police Stresso What are the four sources of police stress? 1. Intra-Individual items peculiar to the individual 2. Inter-Individual friction that develops between people 3. Organizational conflict between the individual officer and the organization 4. Environmental tension btw an individual and the environmento Intra-Individual Sources What stresses one person may not affect another individual. Additionally, a person’s own ___to the same stressor may vary from one ___to the next.• Reaction; occasion _____may be an important mediator when handling stress.• Personality Typeo Type A versus Type B ___and ___could form an important component of job stress.• Career goals and aspirations The new generation of officers that are highly motivated become frustrated with the lack of ____possible.• Upward mobility Once a vacancy does appear ___is severe leading job satisfaction to erode and stress to increase.• Competition NOTE: It is the INTERATION between the sources of stress, how they are perceived, and a person’s individual characteristics that determines whether coping or maladaptive behavior will result. ***o Inter-Individual Sources Stress can also arise from interaction between ___.• People (supervisor and employee relations) One kind of stressor deals with ____. Give some examples. • Communicable diseaseso AIDS carry latex gloves before handling people w/ open wounds o Skin irritations impetigo, lice The injection of minorities into policing through ____and other external mechanisms does not translate into an immediate interpersonal acceptance from other officers.• Affirmative Action Mandates What is an example of an inter-individual stress popular among law enforcement?• Quid pro quo Harassment Loosely translated quid pro quo means ___and it occurs when an employee is required to choose between submitting to __advances or losing a tangible job __.• “something for something”; sexual; benefit What are the 3 criteria required to claim a quid pro quo harassment?• 1. Harassment was based on SEX• 2. The claimant was subjected to UNWELCOMED SEXUAL ADVANCES• 3. A tangible ECONOMIV BENEFIT of the job was condition on the claimant’s submission to the unwelcome sexual advances _____harassment is unwelcome conduct that is so severe or pervasive as to change the conditions of the claimant’s employment and create an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment.• Hostile work environment What are the differences between hostile work environment harassment and quid pro quo harassment?• Does not require an impact on ___benefito Economic• Can involve ____or third parties, not just supervisors.o Co-workers• Is not limited to ____; it can include hostile or offensive ___based on the person’s sex.o Sexual advances; behavior• Can occur even when the conduct is not ___ specifically at the claimant but still ___on his or ability to perform the jobo Directed; impacts• Typically involves a ___of incidentso Series What are the 3 criteria that must be met in a claim of hostile work environment harassment?• 1. The conduct was UNWELCOME• 2. The conduct was severe, pervasive, and regarded by the claimant as so hostile and offensive as to ALTER his or her CONDITIONS of employment.• 3. The conduct was such that a REASONABLE PERSON would find it hostile or offensive o Organizational Sources What are the 3 most common sources of stressors within police organization?• Shift work, equipment, and citizen complaints Shift Work, Equipment, Citizen Complaints •
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