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Chapter one Test One Study Guide Key Terms Anomie A state of normlessness People no longer feel attached to the common conscience or accountable to others Assize of arms Law that the crown mandated that all adult males shared responsibility for maintaining law and order had to keep at least one weapon in their houses for this purpose All citizens needed to seek out and capture criminals Bow street runners Special group of men chosen to work as paid detectives in London started in 1750 Chief Tithingman Head member of the Tithing in early England Common value system Consensus on what actions consititute conformity and what is considered deviant Conflict perspective Social order being held due to power and Consensus viewpoint Social order being held from a common coercion set of values and beliefs Constable Leader to take care of all the weapons equipment and belongings of the hundred Deviant behavior Any action that exceeds social tolerance levels or oversteps the boundaries established by norms Entrepreneurial avocational policing Private civilians perform law enforcement tasks on a part time basis and get paid for their productivity Folkway Type of norm behavioral expectations that deal with minor norms Violation has a mild sanction o Ex If a host puts silverware on wrong side you wouldn t call police may make a remark or something Formal social control Social control used through the law and criminal justice system Gemeinschaft Small network of people who interact with each other in primary relationships Gesellschaft Social interaction takes place within secondary relationships Hue and cry When Chief Tithingman rounded up all the members if a member became errant to search for them Took violator into custody until authorities reached the Tun Hundred consists of ten tithings and led by a member who assumed the role of the reeve Informal social control Actions taken by people to sanction behavior newspaper compliance o Positive Making deans list having one s picture printed in o Negative Affects person whose behavior is not in Mores Type of norm standard that evoke strong reactions if this type of norm is violated Receive harsh treatment o Ex Murder would get a strong punishment Can change over time witches used to be murdered Mutual pledge system How law enforcement was carried out in early England was on the shoulders of the local people Night watch system Voluntary surveillance mechanism every towns person took turns watching over the city and guarding the gates Norm Standards for how people should behave Primary relationship The avility of people to behave in a close and intimate way Each person has an emotional attachment to that individual o Ex Husband and wife parent and child two best friends Reeve Secondary relationship Social discourse between strangers or people who don t share a close bond Shire When hundreds got to big would turn into a Shire or county sheriff formal Shire reeve Person in charge of the shire forerunner of the Sir Robert Peel Referred to as the father of modern policing Social control Control exerted by group action informal or Thief taker Bounty Hunters would frame innocent people to reap rewards or money Tithing Units of ten families within a Tun Every male over 12 belonged to a Tithing responsible for behavior of all of the members If one committed a crime all were responsible Tun A Little village in England 870 901 A D Vigilantism People take the law into their own hands in order to regain control and to secure values that they think are appropriate o Good kind Usually head by community leaders wrestle control away from outlaws and establish order free from terrorism and fear of crime o Bad kind They were nothing more than a lynch mob KKK fall into this group 1 Why is social order important So that people wouldn t commit crimes and so they would have the disapproval on their shoulders if they did 2 What is the consensus viewpoint and how does it relate to maintaining social order Consensus view states that social order was maintained by everyone holding a set of values and beliefs 3 What is the conflict perspective and how does it relate to maintaining social order This view is that people with power decided what happened to people if they did bad to their advantage 4 Explain what a norm is Standards for how people should behave 5 What is a folkway A more Folkways are a type of norm that are minor say something does something socially wrong but you wouldn t need to call the cops on A more is a more serious norm that you would need to take action on such as murder 6 What is deviant behavior Any action that exceeds social tolerance levels or oversteps the boundaries established by folkways or mores 7 Give an example of an informal social control device Why is this device so powerful Picture printed in the newspaper for a heroic action or a negative one is people gossiping or spreading rumors and that reflects on you either good or bad 8 Give an example of a formal social control device The laws that the government make 9 Distinguish a gemeinschaft from a gesellschaft society Gemeinschaft is a small network of people who interact in primary relationships Gesellschaft is a social interaction between people that aren t close like strangers 10 What does the term primary relationship mean A relationship where you re very close like a brother parent best friend 11 What does the term secondary relationship mean Secondary relationship is a relationship where you aren t close with someone such as a stranger 12 What is anomie State of normlessness people no longer feel attached to the common conscience or accountable to others 13 What benefits accompany the transition from a gemeinschaft to a gesellschaft society Formal social control is needed in this kind of society 14 What is a tithing Was it an informal or formal social control technique A tithing was a group of 10 families within a tun male over 12 was responsible for the behaviors within their tithing Informal social control 15 What does the hue and cry mean Chief tithingman rounded up the other tithing members to search for the criminal 16 Connect the terms shire and reeve and explain them Reeve was in charge of 10 tithings when the town expanded a reeve became a shire with multiple hundreds in them 17 Describe the night watch system Townspeople took turns watching over the city at night 18 What did the statute of Winchester in 1285 accomplish formalized the arrangement established the office of a


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FSU CJE 3110 - Test 1

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