Allen Buchanan was amongst the first to discuss secession as an individual issue and provided a foundation for terms used to discuss secession cid 127 When one culture threatens the integrity of another culture within a state the risk of civil war ensues which may be just as bad as the threats associated with easy secession A state need not have always have a necessarily a single culture so long as respect for both cultures and their cultural integrity within a state is maintained Often in this case a larger hybrid culture may often be created People can disagree and still respect and preserve s each other s identity Such a case can arise provided that the interests in which the state is concerned with is not contingent upon a particular culture s interests but rather much broader human interests such as Life Liberty and the Pursuit of happiness This last one does not suggest any particular path to happiness but the ability and opportunity to pursue happiness individuals want to take when seceding A problem for associative group rights theories of secession is how do we get from justifying sovereignty over one s self to sovereignty over one s land that cid 127 One way to defend ascriptive group rights theories is to say that groups have independent moral standing apart from the morals of the individuals that cid 127 Groups have moral standing in the preservation of their interests cid 127 Waldren challenges the connection between the individual and the group Communititarian Individual is defined by his relationship to the community comprise it values cid 127 Waldren s idea is that in the modern world individuals don t necessarily feel free of community but that they don t stand in relation to small individual communities He defends that our culture is a mixture and that we are better off with that The modern individual is a mosaic of cultural personalities and The cosmopolitan alternative undermines the traditional alternative as soon as someone is exposed to the cosmopolitan view they are out of the traditional viewpoint cid 127 Waldren gives a number of reasons for going for the communitarian view but he does not think they are good reasons cid 127 One argument that comes form Raz and Margalit is that group membership is necessary for flourishing in identification with a group More about subjective satisfaction Another from Kymlicka is the argument that people make their own choices and shape their own lives and in order to do this best we need access to clear alternatives and other options to make the best choices Diversity of available group membership is necessary for choice Another argument is that cutting a person off from one s roots makes a person worse off A life not anchored in tradition is shallow and inauthentic More about objective goodness themselves to that super structure by society cid 127 Waldren points out that the broader super culture makes it possible for people to continue their traditions but that those people who just be blinding Another argument is the idea that a full fledged cosmopolitanism is incoherent because an individual is defined by his culture Individuals are constituted I would say Waldren takes issue with the necessity of these clauses not with the existence of them cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127