Childhood Schizophrenia-use adult criteria-must diagnose with + & - symptoms+ symptoms are excess or distortion of normal function (delusion, hallucination, thought disorder, disorganized behavior)- symptoms are diminishment or absence of normal behavior (anhedonia: not happy, avolition: no movement, alogia: no speech, affective flattening: no facialexpression, apathy)Imaginary companions are normally a part of a child's life 30%-60% unless child doesnt know companion isnt real and have many imaginary friendsTeens less likely to have delusions and more likely to have visual hallucinationschildren more likely to have auditory hallucinationBiological-enlarged ventricles precede onset of disorderThe dopamine Hypothesis-schizophrenia is associated with over activity of dopamine-only help with positive symptoms- produce tremors (Parkinson's symptoms)- involuntary movement of neck muscles (Tartive Dyskensia)- only 50% respond to dopamine blocking drugFrith's Theory-cant generate willed actions (negative symptoms)-animal name game (schizos avg mean of 4; typical mean 14)-cant monitor willed actions (positive symptoms)- typical people self correct and patients didnt self correct at all- doesnt address development or underlying biological levelsTheory of Mind Impairment- inability to monitor own and others beliefs and intentions- + symptoms= inability to represent others perspective underlies persecutory delusions and speech impairment- - symptoms= absence of theory of mind underlies social withdrawal and impoverished speech- ToM deficits specific to schizophreniaBentall- accounts for persecutory delusions- starts with self serving bias and event attribute to selfChildhood factors predict schizophrenia- abnormalities in neuromotor coordination- worse sustained attention- thought disorder- qualitative different than their peers- social adjustment problems- mother-infant interactionsTreatment-inpatient care can provide intense consistent environment necessary to regulate persistent severe bizarre schizophrenic behavior-avoid hospitilizaton-neuroleptics is widely accepted- usually only control positive symptoms (side effects= drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia)-environmental structure: promotes internal structure of thought-contingency management: reinforcement to shape behavior-adaptive skills: social,