Row 1 Adds nucleotides to RNA Cell Division Cell Signaling Brings proteins into nucleus Digests Starch Row 2 Nucleus Cytosol Plasma Membrane Cytosol Secreted salvia digestive system Row 3 Free Free Rough ER Free Rough Er Row 4 No No Yes No Yes Row 5 Yes No No No No Row 6 No No Yes No No Row 7 No No Yes No Yes Clicker question 1 A researcher has constructed a new protein that has both a nuclear localization signal and an ER signal sequence Where will this protein end up Secreted Antibody Part of our bodies immune response Large y shaped proteins Each antibody targets an unique antigen present on the invading organism Also called immunoglobulins Antigen Any foreign substance that elicits an immune response Antigens are targeted by antibodies Examples bacterial viruses blood that is not your own type Two antigens and two antibodies can explain the ABO blood system The antigens on our red blood cells are markers Our body can recognize its own markers and will not attack them Antibody Anti A targets antigen A Antibody Anti B targets antigen B Antigens on red blood cells Blood Serum Antibodies ABO Blood type Antigen A Antigen B Antibody Anti A Antibody Anti B A Yes No No Yes Clicker Question 2 B No Yes Yes No Which Blood types 0 No No Yes Yes could be transfused AB Yes Yes No No into all other blood types without inducing an antibody antigen response O Clicker Question 3 Which blood type can receive all other blood types without having a response AB Clicker Question 4 N acetyl galactosamine N acetyl glucosamine fucose and galactose are all what type of macromolecules monosaccharides Protein Trafficking Enzymes called glycosyltransferases active within the Golgi modify H substance as follows Individuals with the A blood type have a glycosyltransferase that is N acetyl galactosamine specific The glycosyltransferase adds an N acetylgalactosamine to the galactose residue of H substance In B blood types the glycosyltransferase is specific for galactose Individuals with AB blood types have both enzymes In individuals with type O the enzyme is defective frameshift mutation We will consider two important proteins in the context of protein trafficking and the ABO blood groups the antigen bearing glycoproteins that populate the plasma membrane of red blood cells the glycosylating enzymes glycosyltransferases that add the unique ABO antigens to the membrane glycoproteins These enzymes are active in the Golgi Draw a flow chart boxes and arrows for each of these proteins to show how it would be sorted into the correct location for its correct function Be sure to indicate all of the signals that are necessary for this sorting to be successful Start here Clicker Question The enzymes which add the ABO antigens to the proteins are found In the golgi apparatus Clicker Question How many sorting signals do the glycisyltransfearses have Two er signal and golgi signal
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